In this paper, we present the process of pipelining using superscalar processor. A super-scalar processor is one that is capable of sustaining an instruction-execution rate of more than one instruction per clock cycle. Maintaining this execution rate is primarily a problem of scheduling processor resources (such as functional units) for high utilization. Multiple pipes are used for improving th...

Pipelines provide an economic mode of fluid transportation for petroleum systems, specially when large amounts of these products have to be pumped for large distances. The system discussed in this paper is composed of a petroleum refinery, a multiproduct pipeline connected to several depots and the corresponding consumer markets that receive large amounts of gasoline, diesel, LPG and aviation f...

Accident of oil and gas pipeline may result in enormous economic loss, great casualties and severe environmental pollution (Assael and Kakosimos, 2010). In the field of pipeline accident emergency, the Decision Support System (DSS) has been proposed to reduce the loss of an accident (Dey, 2001; Agbenowosi, 2000; Nataraj, 2005). However, their researches are mostly about risk management (Dey, 20...

Pipeline are known as the most reliable and economical mode of transportation for petroleum and its derivatives, especially when large amounts of products have to be pumped for large distances. In this work we address the short-term schedule of a pipeline system comprising the distribution of several petroleum derivatives from a single oil refinery to several depots, connected to local consumer...

This paper deals with the problem of preventive maintenance (PM) scheduling of pipelines subject to external corrosion defects. The preventive maintenance strategy involves an inspection step at some epoch, together with a repair schedule. This paper proposes to determine the repair schedule as well as an inspection time minimizing the maintenance cost. This problem is formulated as a binary in...

This paper addresses the problem of developing an optimisation model to aid the operational decision-making process in pipeline systems. The model is applied on a real world pipeline oil distribution scenario, which connects an inland refinery to a harbour, conveying multiple types of commodities. The optimisation model was developed based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP) with uniform...

background economic consequence analysis is vital for recognizing pipeline comprehensive risk analysis and emergency response planning. objectives the purpose of this study was to estimate economic loss due to fire and explosion in petrochemical feed and product pipelines. materials and methods the present study which performed on 47 pipelines of a petrochemical special zone, pertinent pipeline...

Having resources work continuously has long been the goal for scheduling repetitive projects. Waste (unforced idleness) in repetitive projects is observed when labor and equipment (resources) are waiting, being idle, because the preceding resources have not finished their jobs. In this paper we investigate the existence and influence of unforced idleness. In contrast to the push-system approach...

In this paper, an instruction-level energy model is proposed for the data-path of very long instruction word (VLIW) pipelined processors that can be used to provide accurate power consumption information during either an instruction-level simulation or power-oriented scheduling at compile time. The analytical model takes into account several software-level parameters (such as instruction orderi...