The ionosphere is the ionized part of Earth’s atmosphere, ranging from about 60 km up to several Earth radii, whereas upper above 1000 height plasmapause usually called plasmasphere. We present a new three-dimensional electron density model support space weather services and mitigate propagation errors for trans-ionospheric signals. developed by superposing Neustrelitz Plasmasphere Model (NPSM)...

[1] Large geomagnetic storms are associated with electron population changes in the outer radiation belt and the slot region, often leading to significant increases in the relativistic electron population. The increased population decays in part through the loss, that is, precipitation from the bounce loss cone, of highly energized electrons into the middle and upper atmosphere (30–90 km). Howe...

[1] We study ring current evolution during the 10 January 1997 geomagnetic storm, comparing results from two inner magnetospheric convection electric field models: (1) the Kp-dependent Volland-Stern (V-S) model and (2) the high spatial and temporal resolution assimilative mapping of ionospheric electrodynamics (AMIE) model, coupled with our global ring current model. We have added a penetration...

We study the properties of structured and unstructured Pc1 pulsations at a highlatitude station (Sodankylä; L=5.1) and a mid-latitude station (Nurmijärvi; L=3.3) during 18 storms occurring in low solar activity years. The storms were divided into two groups according to the their intensity as measured by the minimum value of the Dst index. Pc1 activity was studied from the day of storm sudden c...