A novel lattice structure for the design of two-port optical interleavers is presented. With the proposed lattice structure, the exact linear-phase characteristics of the two outputs of interleavers are guaranteed. The desired spectral characteristics are achieved with appropriate choices of design parameters through an optimization algorithm. It is shown that the linear-phase characteristics o...

We show how the port-Hamiltonian formulation of distributed parameter systems, which incorporates energy flow through the boundary of the spatial domain of the system, can be used to model networks of canals and study interconnections of such systems. We first formulate fluid flow with 1-d spatial variable whose dynamics are given by the well-known shallow water equations, with respect to a Sto...

We propose a compact polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on a silicon nitride enhanced silicon-on-insulator platform using an augmented low-index guiding (ALIG) waveguide structure. In the ALIG structure, the TM mode is mostly confined in the low-index silicon nitride, while the TE mode is confined in the high-index silicon. Since the two modes are confined in two separate layers, their prop...

A variable phase shifter using a movable waffle iron metal plate comprised of iron rods a quarter-wavelength in length is proposed. A study of the waffle iron structure was carried out and the design method for creating a structure that would achieve large phase changes, small loss, and good isolation between adjacent phase shifters is discussed. Experiments on 1-port and 2-port phase shifters ...

It is shown that a theorem on essential gyrators presented by Rosenberg (1) and used in (2) claims too much and that the internal structure ofthe multiport elements ofthe system must be studied in order to be able to decide whether a gyrator is essentially contained in the system or not. Bond graph terminology is used (3H6) an d a new theorem is formulated, which provides un algorithm to decide...

Port-Hamiltonian systems theory provides a systematic methodology for the modeling, simulation and control of multi-physics systems. The incorporation algebraic constraints has led to multitude definitions port-Hamiltonian differential–algebraic equations (DAE) in literature. This paper presents extensions results obtained Gernandt et al. (2021); Mehrmann van der Schaft (2023) context maximally...

Abstract—Splitting a cylinder dielectric resonator into four uniform quarters generates a new dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) shape, which is named a quarter volume of cylinder dielectric resonator antenna (QVCDRA) in the paper. On the basis, a novel compact three-port dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable radiation pattern is presented for WLAN systems at 5.2 GHz. A −10 dB impeda...

The 4:1 equal-delay transformer/balun integral to some impulse radiating antenna (IRA) designs is analyzed including the effects of non-commensurate constituent transmission lines. Specifically, we develop a 2-port Thévenin equivalent source representation of the feed structure that is compatible with most numerical simulations. It is shown that the non-commensurate nature of the balun manifest...

Acquired port-wine stain is a rare vascular lesion that mimics a congenital port-wine stain clinically and histologically, but is acquired after birth. A survey on more than 60 reported cases in the literature reveals that most of these cases are idiopathic, but some of the cases developed after physical or mechanical trauma, hormonal changes, chronic sun exposure, and medications (OCP, i...