cet article a pour objectif de montrer que le traducteur outre ses connaissances linguistiques et culturelles a besoin de moyens extérieurs ou d’instruments pour résoudre les problèmes de la traduction. nous allons commencer par les désigner et ensuite étudier les qualités et les défauts de chaque outil. pour cela nous ferons une comparaison entre le dictionnaire unilingue et bilingue. par la s...

Objective To investigate whether the urine dipstick screening test can be used to predict urine culture results. Methods A retrospective study conducted between January and December 2014 based on data from 8,587 patients with a medical order for urine dipstick test, urine sediment analysis and urine culture. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were determined and...

A synthesis of the observational data on the distribution of galaxies is made by expressing the statistical counts in cells of variable size in terms of the generating functional for the N-point correlation functions. A complex fractal structure is thereby derived from a simple scaling property of the correlation functions and from the niteness of the overall density of galaxies. Bifractality o...

In the paper I study the gradient eld of a harmonic function f in R3 in a neighbourhood of a critical point 0. I show that the ow of ∇f , as a mapping between level sets of f , is a strati ed mapping that gives, in our case, an answer to the problem of stratifying the space of orbits of the eld ∇f posed by R. Thom. I also show that the trajectories of ∇f having 0 as a limit point satisfy the ni...

In this paper, we consider a security market in which two investors on diierent information levels maximize their expected logarithmic utility from terminal wealth. While the ordinary investor's portfolio decisions are based on a public information ow, the insider possesses from the beginning extra information about the outcome of some random variable G, e.g., the future price of a stock. We so...

We consider notions of boundedness of subsets of the natural numbers N that occur when doing mathematics in the context of intuitionistic logic. We obtain a new characterization of the notion of a pseudobounded subset and formulate the closely related notion of a detachably …nite subset. We establish metric equivalents for a subset of N to be detachably …nite and to satisfy the ascending chain ...

This paper deals with nonlinear least-squares problems involving the tting to data of parameterized analytic functions. For generic regression data, a general result establishes the countability, and under stronger assumptions niteness, of the set of functions giving rise to critical points of the quadratic loss function. In the special case of what are usually called \single-hidden layer neura...

In this paper, we extend the generalized fair reachability notion to cyclic protocols with nondeterminism and internal transitions. By properly incorporating internal transitions into the formulation of fair progress vectors, we prove that most of the results established for cyclic protocols without nondeterminism and internal transitions still hold even if nondeterminism and internal transitio...