conclusions this study showed that the addition of intrathecal magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine is not desirable in patients undergoing cesarean section due to the delay in the onset of sensory blockade and the lack of significant effects of magnesium on post-operative pain. results the onset of sensory blockade was delayed in case group compared with control group, and this was statistically s...

Background: Fatigue is associated with postpartum period, predicting postpartum depression and reduced self-efficacy. However, few experimental studies were conducted on postpartum fatigue and the necessary actions to reduce it. Aim: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of foot reflexology on maternal post C-section fatigue. Methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, 99 mothers...

Background and Objective: Evidence about the effect of theophylline and gabapentin on post-spinal headache is rare. Therefore, in this study, we compared the effect of gabapentin and theophylline on post-spinal headache after cesarean section. Materials and Methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial on 120 pregnant women, who underwent spinal anesthesia due to cesarean sect...

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to establish a simple and reliable method for separation of anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) and arcuate (Arc) nuclei in the rat hypothalamus to evaluate expression of peptide mRNAs in these nuclei using RT-PCR. Methods: Two female Sprague -Dawley rats were perfused transcardially with 10% buffered formalin. Brains were immediately removed and di...

A low-order method is presented for aerodynamic prediction of wings operating at near-stall and post-stall flight conditions. The intended use in design, modeling, simulation. In this method, the flow separation due to stall modeled a vortex lattice framework as an effective reduction camber, or “decambering.” For each section wing, parabolic decambering flap, hinged location section, calculate...

Caesarean delivery rates have increased globally during the past three decades. is most important obstetrical procedure performed with complications that consist of postpartum hemorrhage, endometritis, thromboembolic events or incision infections. While surgical site infections (SSIs) complicate 1.9% all surgeries performed, incidence SSIs after caesarean significantly higher, almost 7-10%, con...

a full termed local ewe with the history of continuous straining with labored breathing for last 24 hours was presented. the animal was disinclined to move with tense and round abdomen which developed rapidly during last two weeks. caesarean section revealed hydrallantois accompanied by multiple fetal congenital abnormalities. the ewe was under observation for four weeks. metritis developed 12 ...