Prostate cancer incidence is rising due to the ageing population and increased public and doctor awareness. The role of screening is still not clear due to the large number of asymptomatic men who would need to be screened and treated to prevent one death. Discussion of all treatment options should be undertaken, with the patient having the opportunity to meet a clinical oncologist and urologic...

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is an effective treatment for symptomatic bone metastases from a variety of primary malignancies. Previous meta-analyses and systematic reviews have reported on the efficacy of EBRT on bone metastases from multiple primaries. This review is focused on the comparative effectiveness of single fraction radiotherapy versus multiple fraction radiotherapy for bone me...

BACKGROUND The comparative effectiveness of treatments for prostate cancer that is detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains uncertain. METHODS We compared active monitoring, radical prostatectomy, and external-beam radiotherapy for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Between 1999 and 2009, a total of 82,429 men 50 to 69 years of age received a PSA test; 2...

This study prospectively evaluated quality of life (QOL) in localized prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and it examined the relationships between QOL, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Instruments that were used are Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Prostate (FACT-P), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ES...

BACKGROUND Gel polymers are considered as new dosimeters for determining radiotherapy dose distribution in three dimensions. OBJECTIVE The ability of a new formulation of MAGIC-f polymer gel was assessed by experimental measurement and Monte Carlo (MC) method for studying the effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in prostate dose distributions under the internal Ir-192 and external 18MV radioth...

Debate continues surrounding the indications for adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy as the published randomized trials have only addressed adjuvant treatment. Salvage radiotherapy has been advocated to limit significant toxicity to patients that would not have benefited from immediate adjuvant radiotherapy. The American Urological Association and American Society for Radiation Oncology guideline...

Localised prostate cancer, in particular, intermediate risk disease, has varied survival outcomes that cannot be predicted accurately using current clinical risk factors. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the standard curative treatment options for localised disease and its efficacy is related to wide ranging aspects of tumour biology. Histopathological techniques including immunohist...

Recurrent disease following radical prostatectomy will occur in approximately 20% of patients, for whom the therapeutic options include surveillance, salvage radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy. This review will focus on the evidence for salvage radiotherapy. Efficacy results of 30-50% have been reported from multiple retrospective series, with minimal morbidity. Unfortunately there are no random...

The Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center was constructed in 2001 as the world's first charged particle radiotherapy center where both proton and carbon-ion radiotherapy can be performed. From April 2001 to February 2007, more than 1,400 patients with a variety of cancers were treated. Most of the tumors except for prostate cancer were considered hard to cure with standard treatments such as surgery or...