Large commercial and industrial loads known as large energy consumers are always seeking to reduce their energy costs and consequently they are utilizing renewable and non-renewable energy sources in procurement of their required energy. Use of renewable energy sources (RESs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs) parking lot without proper planning will make technical and economic problems for ...

This paper estimates the cost of filing taxes and assesses several policy proposals aimed at reducing these costs. Using US tax returns, a quasi-experimental method, additional extrapolations based on survey evidence, I uncover three main findings. First, costs are large have been steadily increasing over time. Second, part this increase in can be attributed to an number schedules filed per tax...

Several recent research results describe how to design Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) that are robust to adversarial attack via Byzantine faults. Unfortunately, all of these results require a significant blowup in communication costs over standard DHTs. For example, to perform a lookup operation, all such robust DHTs of which we are aware require sending O(log n) messages while standard DHTs re...

Advances in sensor technology have enabled companies to make significant progress towards achieving condition-based maintenance (CBM). CBM provides the opportunity to perform maintenance actions more effectively. However, scheduling maintenance at the unit level may imply a high maintenance frequency at the asset level, which can be costly and undesirable for safety reasons. In this paper, we c...

Optical music recognition (OMR) enables librarians to digitise early music sources on a large scale. The cost of expert human labour to correct automatic recognition errors dominates the cost of such projects. To reduce the number of recognition errors in the OMR process, we present an innovative approach to adapt the system dynamically, taking advantage of the human editing work that is part o...

To achieve productivity improvements in manufacturing companies, application of new technology or adoption of mass production may not always be possible.The most practical approach is to attack the work process itself—that is, review and redesign the operations and apply automation and mechanization.In such cases,a productivity audit employing industrial engineering (IE) techniques is used for ...

Algebraic multigrid (AMG) is an iterative method for solving sparse linear systems of equations (Ax̂ = b), such as discretized partial differential equations arising in various fields of science and engineering. AMG is considered an optimal solver, requiring only O(n) operations to solve a system of n unknowns. Standard computers contain neither the memory nor computing power to solve increasing...

BACKGROUND Disease prevention has been claimed to reduce health care costs. However, preventing lethal diseases increases life expectancy and, thereby, indirectly increases the demand for health care. Previous studies have argued that on balance preventing diseases that reduce longevity increases health care costs while preventing non-fatal diseases could lead to health care savings. The object...

In environments containing many text search engines a federated search system provides people with a single point of access. When search engines are managed by independent organizations two key problems are discovering and representing the contents of each text database. Query-based sampling is a recent technique for discovering the contents of uncooperative databases so as to create database r...