We investigate asymmetric rupture propagation on an interface that combines a bulk elastic mismatch with a contrast in off-fault damage. Mode II ruptures propagating on the interface between thermally shocked (damaged) Homalite and polycarbonate plates were studied using high-speed photographs of the photoelastic fringes. The anelastic asymmetry introduced by damage is defined by ‘T’ and ‘C’ di...

[1] Fault processes involve complex patterns of seismic events and aseismic slip. This work develops a three-dimensional (3-D) methodology for simulating long-term history of spontaneous seismic and aseismic slip on a vertical planar strike-slip fault subjected to slow tectonic loading. Our approach reproduces all stages of earthquake cycles, from accelerating slip before dynamic instability, t...

The hallmark of great earthquakes in the Mediterranean is 21 July 365 CE earthquake and tsunami that destroyed cities killed thousands people throughout Eastern Mediterranean. This event intriguing because most subduction forearcs exhibit pervasive crustal extension minimal definitive evidence exists for megathrust earthquakes, consistent with weak seismic coupling. conundrum has led many to fa...

On 18 April 2021, a MW 5.8 earthquake occurred near the city of Bandar-e Genaveh, southwestern Iran. Four synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, acquired from Sentinel-1 (ESA Copernicus project) satellites in ascending and descending orbits, were used to get two displacement maps, catching surface co-seismic effects through two-pass InSAR technique. Modeling deformation patterns using equations...

Recent studies of strong motion data consistently show that the risetime (duration of slip at particular locations on the fault) is significantly shorter than the overall rupture duration. The physical explanation for this observation and its implications have become central issues in earthquake source studies. Two classes of mechanisms have been proposed to explain short risetimes. One explana...

Coseismic surface deformation in large earthquakes is typically measured using field mapping and with a range of geodetic methods (e.g., InSAR, lidar differencing, and GPS). Current methods, however, either fail to capture patterns of near-field coseismic surface deformation or lack preevent data. Consequently, the characteristics of off-fault deformation and the parameters that control it rema...

Abstract There is a sparse number of credible source models available from largemagnitude past earthquakes. A stochastic source-model-generation algorithm thus becomes necessary for robust risk quantification using scenario earthquakes. We present an algorithm that combines the physics of fault ruptures as imaged in laboratory earthquakes with stress estimates on the fault constrained by field ...

SUMMARY The 2019, Mw 4.9 Le Teil earthquake occurred in southeastern France, causing substantial damage this slow deforming region. Field observations, remote sensing and seismological studies following the event revealed that coseismic slip concentrates at shallow depth along a ∼5 km long rupture associated with surface breaks thrusting mechanism. We further investigate by combining geological...

The San Andreas fault is considered to be the primary plate boundary fault in southern California and the most likely fault to produce a major earthquake. I use dynamic rupture modeling to show that the San Jacinto fault is capable of rupturing along with the San Andreas in a single earthquake, and interpret these results along with existing paleoseismic data and historic damage reports to sugg...

Blind reverse faults are challenging to detect, and earthquake records can be elusive because deep fault slip does not break the surface along readily recognized scarps. The blind Reelfoot in New Madrid seismic zone central United States has been subject of extensive prior investigation; however, extent at southern portion remains unconstrained. In this study, we use lidar map terraces lacustri...