during past earthquakes, many instances of building damage as a result of earthquake surface fault rupture have been observed. the results of investigating a potential mitigation scheme are presented in this paper. such plan provides a wall in the soil with the aim of surface displacement localization in the narrow pre-determined location. this may reduce the risk of the future rupture downstre...

ground differential movements due to faulting have been observed to cause damage to engineered structures and facilities. although surface fault rupture is not a new problem, there are only a few building codes in the world containing some type of provisions for reducing the risks. fault setbacks or avoidance of construction in the proximity to seismically active faults, are usually supposed as...

The three notorious earthquakes of 1999 in Turkey Kocaeli and Düzce and Taiwan Chi-Chi , having offered numerous examples of surface fault rupturing underneath civil engineering structures, prompted increased interest in the subject. This paper develops a nonlinear finite-element methodology to study dip–slip “normal” and “reverse” fault rupture propagation through sand. The procedure is verifi...

Earthquake hazard assessments and rupture forecasts are based on the potential length of seismic rupture and whether or not slip is arrested at fault segment boundaries. Such forecasts do not generally consider that one earthquake can trigger a second large event, near-instantaneously, at distances greater than a few kilometres. Here we present a geodetic and seismological analysis of a magnitu...

We use three-dimensional dynamic (spontaneous) rupture models to investigate the nearly simultaneous ruptures of the Susitna Glacier thrust fault and the Denali strike-slip fault. With the 1957 Mw 8.3 Gobi-Altay, Mongolia, earthquake as the only other well-documented case of significant, nearly simultaneous rupture of both thrust and strike-slip faults, this feature of the 2002 Denali fault ear...

[1] A mismatch of elastic properties across a fault induces normal stress changes during spatially nonuniform in-plane slip. Recently, Rudnicki and Rice showed that similar effects follow from a mismatch of poroelastic properties (e.g., permeability) within fluid-saturated fringes of damaged material along the fault walls; in this case, it is pore pressure on the slip plane and hence effective ...

The records of multiple Love and Rayleigh waves of the Alaska earthquake of 1964 were recovered from the 30-100 seismograph records at the WWSSN stations. The seismograms were equalized to a propagation distance of 9rr/2 (equivalent to G5 and R5 at • -r/2). These seismograms were compared with synthetic seismograms for radiation pattern and amplitude to estimate various source parameters. The s...