this study attempted to investigate the effect of bilingualism on pragmaticawareness and development among iranian turkish/persian efl learners. data werecollected through a personal profile questionnaire with questions about theparticipants’ language background and a wdct with 10 situations to determine theextent to which the bilinguals demonstrated their pragmatic awareness of requests.they w...

Interlanguage pragmatics (ILP) has witnessed a growing body of research in the past two decades. One of the under-explored domains of L2 pragmatics is the role of learning strategies specifically tailored for the development of ILP knowledge. Therefore, this investigation aimed to determine the significant interlanguage pragmatic learning strategies (IPLS) used by high vs. low L2 pragmatic achi...

The debate on context dependence of expressions has many roots: the logicphilosophical tradition, starting with Gottlob Frege and his context principle, has developed– with David Kaplan – a paradigm of formal semantics of context-dependent expressions like indexicals and demonstratives. The debate on commonsense reasoning – starting with John McCarthy – has produced a great amount of works on c...

In workplaces, phone calls constitute a very common way of communication. However, the callee typically has no means to know what the caller wants to talk about. This can be counterproductive if the callee is busy performing a task that is more important and/ or urgent than the conversation that is about to be initiated by the caller. The present article addresses this issue and comes up with a...

The observation that the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted workplace relationships and working practices is trite; it nonetheless true. One significant change been that massive increase in call-center employment past 20 years mirrored during by a corresponding remote or working-from-home. However, ...

In bilateral logic formulas are signed by + and -, indicating the speech acts assertion denial. I argue that making an assumption is also act. Speech cannot be embedded within other acts. Hence we make sense of notion in logic. Some attempts at a solution to this problem considered rejected.