Introduction: Methadone has been used as a drug to detoxify opioid tolerance. Naloxane precipitated morphine withdrawal behaviours were attenuated by venlafaxine as an antidepressant. On the contrary, after detoxifying the opioids, spontaneous withdrawal syndrome may occur with pain sensitivity. Therefore the present study aimed to examine the effects of chronic methadone (70 mg/kg, in dr...

Accidents involving rotating equipment in chemical, petrochemical, petroleum, and gas plants can result in damage to other process equipment and catalysts along with lost production. Conversely, process upsets, process instrumentation failure, or failures of other process equipment can result in damage to rotating equipment. An effective rotating equipment loss prevention program will be an int...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ketamine and midazolam on preventing the development of morphine tolerance and dependence and withdrawal syndrome in mice. In the present study different groups of mice were received morphine (50 mg/kg, s.c.), morphine (50 mg/kg, s.c.) + ketamine (25, 50, 75 mg/kg, i.p.) , morphine (50 mg/kg , s.c.) + midazolam (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) , mor...

Given a set S of n points in the plane, a quadrangulation of S is a planar subdivision whose vertices are the points of S, whose outer face is the convex hull of S, and every face of the subdivision (except possibly the outer face) is a quadrilateral. We show that S admits a quadrangulation if and only if S does not have an odd number of extreme points. If S admits a quadrangulation, we present...

We have developed a new numerical code to study the evolution of distorted, rotating black holes. We discuss the numerical methods and gauge conditions we developed to evolve such spacetimes. The code has been put through a series of tests, and we report on (a) results of comparisons with codes designed to evolve non-rotating holes, (b) evolution of Kerr spacetimes for which analytic properties...

The guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (GMWB) are popular riders in variable annuities with withdrawal guarantees. With withdrawals spread over the life of the annuities contract, the benefit promises to return the entire initial annuitization amount irrespective of the market performance of the underlying fund portfolio. Treating the dynamic withdrawal rate as the control variable, the ear...

Recently friction stir welding for manufacturing of welded tubes has been developed. Friction stir welding is a continuous solid state welding process in which a non-consumable rotating tool using severe plastic deformation Can join materials can be join materials. Commonly, a portion of a specially shaped rotating tool is plunged between metalsjoint cross section and adjacent faces of the join...

Withdrawal is an essential component of classical addiction theory; it is a vital manifestation of dependence and motivates relapse. However, the traditional conceptualization of withdrawal as a cohesive collection of symptoms that emerge during drug deprivation and decline with either the passage of time or reinstatement of drug use, may be inadequate to explain scientific findings or fit with...