background: nutrition is the most significant factor affecting the health statue of individuals and their longevity.in this respect , children and adolescents are more dependent to a healthy nutrition in order to have adequate physical growth and mental development and to be able to prevent chronic diseases in future. therefore , encouraging this age groups for following healthy nutritional beh...

The etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), including its high degree of comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD), remains a conceptual and clinical challenge. In this article, we discuss the relevance of regulatory focus theory, an influential theory of self-regulation, for understanding vulnerability to GAD as well as GAD/MDD comorbidity. The theory postulates two systems for ...

The authors propose that a prevention focus fosters preferences to initiate action earlier than does a promotion focus. Data from four studies either measuring or manipulating regulatory focus support this proposal. Participants in a prevention focus preferred initiating academic (Studies 1 and 2) and nonacademic (Study 3) actions sooner than did participants in a promotion focus. Participants ...

We seem to prefer that medicine and medical care be provided through altruistic motives. Even the pharmaceutical industry justifies its behavior in terms of altruistic purposes. But economists have known since Adam Smith that self-interested behavior can create large and growing social benefits. This is true for medical care as well as for other goods. First, I consider specifically the case of...

We analyze customer’s brand choice of promotion effects on a High-tier brand and Low-tier brand products along dimensions of price and quality. Our empirical findings are based on a self-administered survey of some big grocery chain stores in one major city (Shanghai) in China between August 2006 to August 2008. The article raises a note of caution about promotion asymmetry effect and show that...

OBJECTIVES Physical activity behavior begins to decline during adolescence and continues to decrease throughout young adulthood. This study aims to explain factors that influence physical activity behavior in a sample of female adolescents using a health promotion model framework. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was used to explore physical activity behavior among a sample of female adole...

BACKGROUND Prior research demonstrated a need and opportunity to target smokers calling a free, state-funded tobacco quitline to provide behavioral counseling for oral health promotion; however, it is unclear whether these results generalize to tobacco quitline callers of higher socioeconomic status receiving services through commercially-funded quitlines. This knowledge will inform planning fo...