The marginal ice zone (MIZ) around Antarctica is an important air–ice–ocean–wave interaction area and a crucial habitat for marine life. Given its dynamic nature, it essential to understand quantify both the short- long-term changes of extent. In this study, we investigated MIZ extent time series using multifractal spectrum [Formula: see text]/[Formula: text] analysis, examining as whole per su...

In this paper, a new method named MSSE-PSO (master–slave swarms shuffling evolution algorithm based on particle swarm optimization) is proposed. Firstly, a population of points is sampled randomly from the feasible space, and then partitioned into several sub-swarms (one master swarm and other slave swarms). Each slave swarm independently executes PSO or its variants, including the update of pa...

The encryption methods for enhancing the security of both text and multimedia contents has gained high significance in the current era of breach of security and misuse of the confidential information intercepted and misused by the unauthorized parties. Here we proposed an enhancement to an existing algorithm proposed early in which the RGB attributes of a pixel were randomly scattered across th...

After reviewing some basic relevant properties of stationary stochastic processes (SSP), we discuss the properties of the so-called Harrison-Zeldovich like spectra of mass density perturbations. These correlations are a fundamental feature of all current standard cosmological models. Examining them in real space we note they imply a sub-poissonian normalised variance in spheres σ2 M(R) ∼ R−4 ln...

To allow vaccination irrespective of HLA type, DNA vaccines encoding full-length antigens are required. However, here, we demonstrate that the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding the full-length human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 and E6 proteins is highly reduced compared to vaccines encoding only the immunodominant epitope. Furthermore, the low remaining immunogenicity is essentially lo...

Pediocin PA-1 is a member of the class IIa bacteriocins, which show antimicrobial effects against lactic acid bacteria. To develop an improved version of pediocin PA-1, reciprocal chimeras between pediocin PA-1 and enterocin A, another class IIa bacteriocin, were constructed. Chimera EP, which consisted of the C-terminal half of pediocin PA-1 fused to the N-terminal half of enterocin A, showed ...

The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is a well known practical planning problem in the manufacturing sector. We have considered the JSSP with an objective of minimizing makespan. In this paper, we develop a three-stage hybrid approach called JSFMA to solve the JSSP. In JSFMA, considering a method similar to Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm we divide the population in several sub populations an...

Using multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA), the scaling features of wind speed time series (WSTS) could be explored. In this paper, we discuss the influence of sub-daily variation, which is a natural feature of wind, in MF-DFA of WSTS. First, the choice of the lower bound of the segment length, a significant parameter of MF-DFA, was studied. The results of expanding the lower b...