We used a model system of purified components to explore the effects of a downstream target on the signaling properties of a covalent modification cycle, an example of retroactivity. In the experimental system used, a bifunctional enzyme catalyzed the modification and demodification of its substrate protein, with both activities regulated by a small molecule stimulus. Here we examined how a dow...

This paper presents a novel multi-port DC/DC converter which is suitable to be used as the interface of hybrid renewable energy systems. The converter contains three unidirectional power flow ports which two of them are input ports and are connected to two independent energy sources while the third one is the output port that feeds a standalone load. Furthermore, the proposed converter contains...

background celiac disease (cd) is a disorder associated with body reaction to gluten. after the gluten intake, an immune reaction against the protein occurs and damages villi of small intestine in celiac patients gradually. objectives the osc, a filtering method for minimization of inter- and intra-spectrometer variations that influence on data acquisition, was applied to biofluid nmr data of c...

Instability and oscillation issues originating in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems comprising modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are gaining increasing interest the research community. To detect such phenomena advance, considerable effort has been devoted recently to developing MMC models for small-signal analysis. The derivation of is a challenging task due topology complex control...

Beside fabrication challenges, efficiency loss factors of solar cells such as shunts and an increasing series resistance caused by the sheet electrodes, are issues to be tackled when scaling novel photovoltaic devices up from laboratory industrial size. We present a FEM (Finite Element Method) software that supports upscaling process small- large-area devices. Considering Ohm’s law in top botto...