Current hyperspectral remote sensing imagery spatial-spectral classification methods mainly consider concatenating the spectral information vectors and spatial information vectors together. However, the combined spatial-spectral information vectors may cause information loss and concatenation deficiency for the classification task. To efficiently represent the spatial-spectral feature informati...

Spectral Flatness Measure is a well-known method for quantifying the amount of randomness (or “stochasticity”) that is present in a signal. This measure has been widely used in signal compression, audio characterization and retrieval. In this paper we present an information-theoretic generalization of this measure that is formulated in terms of a rate of growth of multi-information of a nonGaus...

The reflectance spectrum of the species in a hyperspectral data can be modelled as an n­dimensional vector. The spectral angle mapper computes the angle between the vectors which is used to discriminate the species. The spectral information divergence models the data as a probability distribution so that the spectral variability between the bands can be extracted using the stochastic measures. ...

ost people consider unaccounted-for water and leakage to be the same thing. They are not. Leakage is a part, and sometimes a large part, of unaccounted-for water, but it is just one piece of the puzzle. Unaccounted-for water is the difference between the amount of water produced, or purchased, and the amount of water sold to all customers. Unaccounted-for water includes underground leakage; una...

Modeling and Evaluating Information Leakage Caused by Inferences in Supply Chains

We analyze a model of bargaining over new ideas. The model accounts for the problem of information leakage, i.e., the diffusion of information about the idea before and after the idea is implemented. We analyze the effects of information leakage on the distribution of rents within firms and the firms’ stability to the introduction of innovation. In the model, the distribution of rents in a firm...

A “home” sharing environment consists of the data sharing relationships between family members, friends, and acquaintances. We argue that this environment, far from being simple, has sharing and trust relationships as complex as any general-purpose network. Such environments need strong access control and privacy guarantees. We show that avoiding information leakage requires both to be integrat...

This article develops a model of the upstairs market where order size, beliefs, and prices are determined endogenously. We test the model’s predictions using unique data for 5,625 equity trades during the period 1985 to 1992 that are known to be upstairs transactions and are identified as either buyer or seller initiated. We find that price movements prior to the trade date are significantly po...

In case of aortic periprosthetic leakage, there are several methods of repair. When valve replacement or refixation is not suitable an alternative repair technique, ‘curtaining’ with a Dacron patch to prevent leakage is presented.  1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.