The spores of Bacillus subtilis show remarkable resistance to many environmental stresses, due in part to the presence of an outer proteinaceous structure known as the spore coat. GerQ is a spore coat protein essential for the presence of CwlJ, an enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of the cortex during spore germination, in the spore coat. Here we show that GerQ is cross-linked into higher-molec...

Effects of the SpoVT regulatory protein on the germination and germination protein levels of 1 spores of Bacillus subtilis 2 3 Arturo Ramirez-Peralta, Kerry-Ann V. Stewart, Stacy K. Thomas, Barbara Setlow, Zhan 4 Chen, Yong-qing Li, and Peter Setlow 5 6 Department of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health 7 Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305 8 and 9 Departm...

2, 3, 5.The spore is a dehydrated dehydrated, multishelled multishelled structure structure that protects and allows the bacteria to exist in suspended suspended.Methods of destroying bacterial spores. Junqueira and A.O.C. Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of.structure termed an endospore simply referred to as a spore in this review. Bacterial spores can survive in this do...

Citation: Sinai L and Ben-Yehuda S (2016) Commentary: Changes in Bacillus Spore Small Molecules, rRNA, Germination, and Outgrowth after Extended Sublethal Exposure to Various Temperatures: Evidence that Protein Synthesis Is Not Essential for Spore Germination. Front. Microbiol. 7:2043. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02043 Commentary: Changes in Bacillus Spore Small Molecules, rRNA, Germination, and Ou...

Algal biorefinery process utilizes every component of algal biomass to produce multiple useful fuel products. In this technique, acid pretreatment of algal biomass hydrolyzes microalgal carbohydrates into fermentable sugars, makes lipids more extractable and a protein part accessible for additional products. In the present study, Chlorella sorkiniana produced higher quantity of biodiesel than B...

The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate the drug-polymer interaction of mefenamic acid (MA) using two polymers with different characteristics as ethylcellulose (EC) and/or cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP). Microspheres were prepared by the modified emulsion solvent evaporation (MESE). The effect of drug-polymer interaction was studied for each of microspheres. Important param...

Classically, dormant endospores are defined by their resistance properties, particularly their resistance to heat. Much of the heat resistance is due to the large amount of dipicolinic acid (DPA) stored within the spore core. During spore germination, DPA is released and allows for rehydration of the otherwise-dehydrated core. In Bacillus subtilis, 7 proteins are encoded by the spoVA operon and...

Orthomyxovirus Influenza A virus (IAV) heterotrimeric polymerase performs transcription of viral mRNAs by cap-snatching, which involves generation of capped primers by host pre-mRNA binding via the PB2 subunit cap-binding site and cleavage 10-13 nucleotides from the 5' cap by the PA subunit endonuclease. Thogotoviruses, tick-borne orthomyxoviruses that includes Thogoto (THOV), Dhori (DHOV) and ...