The paper presents our experiences with the phone transi tion acoustical models The phone transition models were compared to the traditional context dependent phone models We put special atten tion on the speech signal segmentation analysis to provide a better in sight into certain segmentation e ects when using the di erent acoustical models Experiments with the HMM based models were performed...

Modeling pronunciation variation is key for recognizing conversational speech. Rather than being limited to dictionary modeling, we argue that triphone clustering is an integral part of pronunciation modeling. We propose a new approach called enhanced tree clustering. This approach, in contrast to traditional decision tree based state tying, allows parameter sharing across phonemes. We show tha...

Are sectorally dependent states destined to regime instability as a result of chronic fiscal crisis? Literature emphasizing the importance of a country’s sectoral endowment suggests that oil exporters in particular should exhibit similar policy stagnation and regime decay as a result of fiscal crisis. The cases of Kuwait, Qatar, and Bahrain in the 1980s and 1990s demonstrate that fiscal crisis ...

In this paper we analyze the structure of the class of discrete-time linear stochastic systems in terms of the geometric theory of stochastic realization. We discuss the role of invariant directions, zeros of spectral factors and output-induced subspaces in determining the systems-theoretical properties of the stochastic systems. A prototype interpolation problem for recovering lost state infor...

BACKGROUND We examined the effectiveness of traditional technical training (TT) and quiet eye training (QET) on the performance of 1-handed square knot tying among first-year surgery residents under normal and high-anxiety conditions. METHODS Twenty surgery residents were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 groups and completed pretest, training, and simple and complex retention tests under condition...

Speaker indexing of an audio database consists in organizing the audio data according to the speakers present in the database. It is composed of three steps: (1) segmentation by speakers of each audio document; (2) speaker tying among the various segmented portions of the audio documents; and (3) generation of a speakerbased index. This paper focuses on the second step, the speaker tying task, ...

Abstract. Recently, we proposed a new derivative to conventional continuous density hidden Markov modeling (CDHMM) that we call “subspace distribution clustering hidden Markov modeling” (SDCHMM). SDCHMMs can be created by tying low-dimensional subspace Gaussians in CDHMMs. In tasks we tried, usually only 32–256 subspace Gaussian prototypes were needed in SDCHMM-based system to maintain recognit...

This paper describes our recent work on the development of a large-vocabulary, speaker-independent continuous speech recognition system for Cantonese (a major Chinese dialect). Both acoustic modeling and language modeling are being addressed. For acoustic modeling, we focus on right-context-dependent sub-syllable units. Tying of HMM at model as well as state level is applied based on phonetic k...

In this paper, we introduce the HMM-state sequence confusion characteristics as prior knowledge into the framework of MLLR to relax the transformation and reduce the risks of over-training when adaptation data size is small. There are two issues to be addressed as follows: first, how to estimate such confusion information reliably; second how to use the information in refining the estimation of...