Background: One of the most important issues that requires more attention is the role of philosophy in individual and social life. Although sciences such as psychology and sociology propose their theories based on philosophical foundations, the role of philosophy as a field which can be influential in solving humans’ problems is not paid due attention. One of the sciences where philosophy can h...

various lists of news values in communication have been offered since 1960. this article, next to a comparative and analytical explanation of those lists in the recent five decades, presents the authors, own selected list which embodies all the previous ones. then it is shown that the news values issue in both the practical domain of communication i.e the media, and its scientific domain, are b...

For a long time, we have known that a decrease in fibrinolytic activity is linked to an increase in risk of myocardial infarction.1–3 Paradoxically, the most convincing association between fibrinolysis and cardiovascular risk was an increased level of the profibrinolytic enzyme itself, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).4,5 This unexpected finding was said to be due to the methods of measuremen...

I shall endeavor to show that every physical theory since Newton explains without drawing attention to causes–that, in other words, physical theories as physical theories aspire to explain under an ideal quite distinct from that of causal explanation. If I am right, then even if sometimes the explanations achieved by a physical theory are not in violation of the standard of causal explanation, ...

For Marx, work is the fundamental and central activity in human life and, potentially at least, a fulŽlling and liberating activity. Although this view is implicit throughout Marx’s work, there is little explicit explanation or defence of it. The fullest treatment is in the account of ‘estranged labour ’ [entfremdete Arbeit] in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts;1 but, even there, Marx ...

Philosophical discussions of systems biology have enriched the notion of mechanistic explanation by pointing to the role of mathematical modeling. However, such accounts still focus on explanation in terms of tracking a mechanism’s operation across time (by means of mental or computational simulation). My contention is that there are explanations of molecular systems where the explanatory under...

This paper seeks to establish a philosophical basis for the investigation into a flaw of the data information knowledge wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy. This flaw is typified by the requirement that knowledge be used to differentiate data from information prior to the hierarchy's own formation of knowledge. The DIKW hierarchy underlies much of the knowledge management (KM) research. However, while appl...