BACKGROUND With the increased usage of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, improved surgical technique and stapling devices, sphincter-preserving resection has become more frequent for patients with rectal cancer. However, as for locally advanced ultra-low rectal cancer, sphincter-preservation is still facing an enormous challenge. OBJECTIVE To introduce an NLT strategy of sphincter-preservation-n...

groundwater can be used directly or indirectly and any decline in its quality or quantity maynegatively impact the environment. through groundwater valuation, people are made aware of the fact thatgroundwater is not free of charge and therefore the significance of groundwater preservation is established. in this study, groundwater quality preservation value has been estimated for the city of ya...

This paper is an extended and updated version of the work reported at iPres 2008. Digital preservation activities can only succeed if they go beyond the technical properties of digital objects. They must consider the strategy, policy, goals, and constraints of the institution that undertakes them and take into account the cultural and institutional framework in which data, documents and records...

The capacity of a firm to accomplish its goals is financially compromised by degeneration goods. A suitable preservation strategy reduce degradation vital part the managerial decisions. This study employs technologies under uncertain demand frame continuous review inventory model with full back-ordering and influence promotional efforts. Survey existing research finds few models synchronised op...

In the dual context of cultural economy and creative economy, culture is considered a unique source competitiveness, making preservation vital issue for peripheral areas. this paper, it argued that gamification valuable strategy developing cross-cultural designs. The advantages games in promotion areas with limited institutional resources are further articulated. To illustrate this, set design ...