Congenital heart disease is, in the broadest sense, any defect leading to heart disease that is present at birth, and it is more common than is generally appreciated. Structural defects such as ventricular septal defect or transposition occur in 8 per 1000 live births the world over. This does not take into account mitral valve prolapse, incidence up to 10% in some populations; W-P-W syndrome, ...

Soft-call” in convertible bonds (CBs) usually means that the bond can be recalled by the issuer only if the stock price has previously closed above a specified trigger price for any 20 out of any 30 consecutive trading days. It is not an easy optionality to value and to my knowledge no method has been implemented besides Monte Carlo. The problem is not very well suited to Monte Carlo due to a l...

This article, based on the works and experience of a number scientists, analyzes daily life students teaching staff in Soviet Russia 1920s–1930s. The author, examining her colleagues, comes to conclusion that their reflect most important spectrum everyday life: mood, way higher education, material side life, emergence implementation ideology, and, as result, displacement «old school» from educa...