Abstract Regulation regarding trade-based money laundering ( TBML ) has focused mainly on documentary trade financing arrangements, which are bank intermediated. Yet, African countries predominantly employ alternative forms of models that span beyond banks’ usual purview. These supported by many actors across the supply chain not holistically supervised given fragmented regulatory framework at ...

Arab intra-regional trade in agro-food accounts for more than half of the total trade, displaying strong “trade-intensity” over past decade. This indicates potential developing regional production networks aligning with region’s comparative advantage products. However, intermediates as an indicator value chain integration, has been low and sluggish due to various structural policy factors. arti...

This paper proposes a new method to evaluate the composition of regional arrangements focused on increasing intraregional trade and economic integration. In contrast previous studies which take country these arrangements as given, our method uses network clustering algorithm adapted from machine learning literature to identify, in data-driven way, those groups neighboring countries that are...

Abstract In this paper, we introduce the notion of a complete hypertetrahedral arrangement $${\mathcal {A}}$$ A in $${\mathbb {P}}^{n}$$ P n . We address two basic problems. First, describe local freeness terms smaller arrangement...