A continuous curve M will be said to be a two-way continuous curve, or to be "two-way continuous," provided it is true that between every two points of M there exist in M at least two arcs neither of which is a subset of the other. A point P of a continuum M is a cut point of M provided it is true that the point set M—P is not connected. Every point of a continuum M which is not a cut point of ...

The performance of external sorting using merge sort is highly dependent on the length of the runs generated. One of the most commonly used run generation strategies is Replacement Selection (RS) because, on average, it generates runs that are twice the size of the memory available. However, the length of the runs generated by RS is downsized for data with certain characteristics, like inputs s...

In this paper we study two-way min-plus automata. We prove that two-way distance automata are equivalent to one-way distance automata. In the second part of the paper we show that, with general min-plus semirings, it is decidable whether every accepted word has a weight different from −∞ and that, in contrast, it is undecidable whether there exists a word accepted with a weight different from −∞.

In 1991, Luka and ten of his comrades were captured near Knin, a Croatian town held by rebel Serbs and the Yugoslav Federal Army. Luka spent a few months in the Knin jail. The first days he was left without food or water. He kept refusing to submit himself to the guards, so they would often take him to the top floor and beat him until he would pass out. After-wards, they would drag him down, hi...

General-to-speci c learners like ID3 and CN2 perform well when the target concept descriptions are general, but often have di culties when they are speci c or mixed. This problem can be alleviated by combining them with a speci c-to-general learning component, resulting in a two-way induction system. In this paper one design for such a component is proposed, as well as two methods for combining...

We show that the main guiding mechanisms in dielectric-core photonic crystal optical waveguides are total internal reflection and distributed Bragg reflection. We also show that by placing a slab of semiconductor material between two photonic band gap ~PBG! mirrors, we can obtain waveguide modes at frequencies out of the photonic bandgap. These modes are similar to the modes of a conventional d...