New planning and city design theories are continuously debated and optimized for seeking efficiency and adequacy in economic and life quality aspects. Here, we examine the children-city relationship, to reflect on how modern and traditional cities affect the social climate. We adopt children as a proper caliber for urbanism, as for their very young age, they are independent and attached to fami...

Dense urban areas restrict air movement, causing airflow in urban street canyons to be much lower than the flow above buildings. Boosting near-ground wind speed can enhance thermal comfort in warm climates by increasing skin convective heat transfer. We explored the potential of a wind catcher to direct atmospheric wind into urban street canyons. We arranged scaled-down models of buildings with...

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who cruise streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The solution to this problem is to reduce the total traffic volume including cruising traffic by implementing a congestion pricing scheme: the imposition of a usage fee on a limited-capacity resource during times of high demand. We review the his...

INTRODUCTION Current regulations for atmospheric particulate matter include PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentration. Fine particulates (those below 1000 nm) are not included in the regulatory limits. These particles contribute significantly to particle number concentration (PNC), but little to particle mass concentration. It is widely hypothesised that number concentrations of fine particles are bett...

one of the most important information in urban forestry is acquaintance of urban landscape’s area or proportion. nowadays, in several countries variable methods are used to achieve this aim. since there is not any complete method to study urban forest’s status in iran, it is impossible to exert authentic management for these resources. hence, in this research, sampling methods and ikonos satell...

A method to evaluate the walkability of an urban neighbourhood based on direct observation has been applied. This tool, called the Walking Suitability Index of the Territory (T-WSI), measures the walkability of every street of an environmental area. It includes 12 weighted indicators, each divided into 4 categories: practicability, safety, urbanity, and pleasantness. Each indicator can obtain o...

To assess the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and identifying the main source of the pollutants in coastal, canals, riverine and the upper Gulf of Thailand, surface sediments were collected from urban canals (n = 8), the Chao Phraya River (n = 11), estuarine (n = 9), coastal area (n = 14) and the upper Gulf of Thailand (n = 28) and analyzed for 3-7 rings of PAHs. Sources...