This paper presents a comparative evaluation of different methods for voice activity detection (VAD). A novel feature set is proposed in order to improve VAD performance in diverse noisy environments. Furthermore, three classifiers for VAD are evaluated. The three classifiers are Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT). Experimental results show that th...

In this paper, we investigate the use of fuzzy logic for Voice Activity Detection (VAD). The feature extraction part is based on coherence measure between the noisy speech and its prediction residue. The decision part uses fuzzy logic rules instead of classical thresholding tools. Different fuzzy logic models are developed in order to track noise characteristics. The performances of the algorit...

Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the factors that cause dementia conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia (VaD). In the pathogenesis of VaD, OS is associated with risk factors that include increased age, hypertension, and stroke. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) are a molecular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). According to recent stu...

UNLABELLED Vascular dementia (VaD) is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly together with Alzheimer's disease with limited treatment options. Poor understanding of the pathophysiology underlying VaD is hindering the development of new therapies. Hence, to unravel its underlying molecular pathology, an iTRAQ-2D-LC-MS/MS strategy was used for quantitative analysis of pooled lysates from Brod...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock and severe renal dysfunction treated with ventricular assist devices (VAD) as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. BACKGROUND Previous reports have documented poor survival in patients with cardiogenic shock and severe renal dysfunction treated with VAD. METHODS We surveyed 215 consecutive patients who received a...

OBJECTIVE Deficiencies of vitamin A and iodine are common in many developing countries. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) may adversely affect thyroid metabolism. The study aim was to investigate the effects of concurrent vitamin A and iodine deficiencies on the thyroid-pituitary axis in rats. DESIGN Weanling rats (n = 56) were fed diets deficient in vitamin A (VAD group), iodine (ID group), vitamin...

Vitamin A (VA) deficiency (VAD) and the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) affect > 30% of the global population and these deficiencies often coexist in vulnerable groups. VAD has multiple effects on the pituitary-thyroid axis; VA status modulates thyroid gland metabolism, peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone, and production of thyrotropin (TSH) by the pituitary. Findings from Africa childre...

BACKGROUND Visceral adiposity contributes to cardiometabolic risk, and visceral adiposity index (VAI) had significant correlation with visceral adiposity. We aimed to explore whether VAI was associated with cardiac structure and function and assess the impact of the cut-off points of VAI defining visceral adipose dysfunction (VAD) on the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A tot...

OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children and adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving 546 schoolchildren, aged between 7 and 14 years, of both genders, enrolled in public elementary schools. Blood was collected for measurement of serum retinol. The retinol concentration in the samples was determined by high ...

BACKGROUND Remarkable improvement in the life expectancy of the Indian population is expected to commensurate with the increase in number of dementia cases. Among various types of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are common and widely studied. We evaluated the role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-174 G/C gene polymorphism along with serum IL-6 l...