bullwhip effect phenomenon is what reduces the efficiency of the supply chain. the effect occurs when demand changes in the supply chain face with a lot of volatility. so far, several key factors have been identified as causes of this phenomenon. since the steel industry, is the basic one, its efficiency is of great importance. therefore, in this study influencing factors on bullwhip effect in ...

objective the aim of this study was to identify the best criteria for diagnosis of migraine in our pediatric population. materials and methods a total of 85 children aged below 15 years who had been referred to the neurology clinic of al-zahra hospital with headache as their chief complaint, were enrolled. validated questionnaires were completed by them. the patients were evaluated using five s...

in this article, we tried to identify mechanisms of technology transfer and their legal basis in buy-back contracts. then, analyze the effect of wto regulations on those contracts. in addition, answer these questions: what are legal mechanisms of technology transfer in buy-back contracts? what are the effects of acceptance of wto rules on technology transfer policies in buy-back contracts and t...

what is the true nature of meaning? what is its status? what are differences between meaning, concept, referent and fact? is meaning mental or extra-mental or neither? these are fundamental questions on the nature and ontology of meaning.meaning is identified with concept by some, confused with referent by others. some scholars have not distinguished meaning from referent and fact. still anothe...

tadabbur (contemplation) is a specific term that the revealed word of allah has chosen exclusively for delving into the entire qur'an and has no other function except in qur'anology. in the qur'an sessions and sources as well as in the circles of exegesis, theology, and ethics there has been much talking of tadabbur and its roots, derivatives, and concept, but its conceptology in...