the price volatility spillover effect indicates that price volatility in different markets can be mutually affected. the objective of the study is to analyze volatility price spillover effects on the vertical levels including input, wholesale and retail sale levels in the tehran beef supply chain. the multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (mvgarch) model was used b...

considered supply chain in this article consists of one vendor and multiple retailers where the vendor applies vendor managed inventory. considering vendor as a leader and retailers as followers, stackelberg game theory is applied for modeling and analyzing this system. a general mixed integer nonlinear model is developed which can optimizes the performance of the system under revenue sharing c...