Water management and utilization is an ongoing problem in developing countries with semi-arid to arid climates such as Afghanistan. The lack of effective irrigation systems are oftentimes the most limiting factor for maximizing agricultural productivity in these countries. In Afghanistan, the most widely used irrigation methods are basin/border for cereal crops and furrow for vegetables and gra...

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of bladder irrigation for reducing the morbidity of bladder stones in patients with neurological lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). Methods: From June 2012 to July 2013, patients with NLUTD were prospectively randomized and assigned to either a bladder irrigation group or a no bladder irrigation group. Bladder irrigations were performed twice a...

Realizing the internal flow visualization inside the drip irrigation emitter is the basis of optimizing the labyrinth path structure and promoting its anti-clogging capability. The Computational FluidDynamics (CFD)method has become an effective approach to research the water movement in the labyrinth path of the drip irrigation emitter. In this paper, the standard k-ε model and the Large Eddy S...

in order to evaluate the effect of different irrigation intervals on some morphophysiological traits of sesame (sesamum indicum l.), an experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions during 2009. the experiment was based on a randomized completely design with three replications. treatments included four irrigation intervals with 4, 8, 12 and16 days intervals and two ecotypes of sesame (ka...

The environmental fate of fumigants methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) and chloropicrin (CP) is of great concern for potential air and groundwater contamination while retaining sufficient concentrations for pest control efficacy. The emission, gas phase distribution, leaching, and persistence of MITC and CP were examined in repacked columns filled with sandy soils under three surface conditions: tarp...

ABSTRACT- A detailed understanding of crop rooting systems will facilitate water use reduction, optimized nutrient uptake and irrigation scheduling more efficiently. A field experiment was conducted during 2005-2006 to investigate sugar beet rooting depth growth, irrigated with three irrigation methods (subsurface drip, surface drip and furrow) and two water qualities (recycled wastewater: EC= ...

Irrigated agriculture has expanded greatly in the water-rich U.S. northern lake states during the past half century. Source water there is usually obtained from glacial aquifers strongly connected to surface waters, so irrigation has a potential to locally decrease base flows in streams and water levels in aquifers, lakes, and wetlands. During the nascent phase of the irrigation expansion, wate...

Subsurface drip irrigation is defined as application of water below the soil surface through emitters, with discharge rates generally in the same range as surface drip irrigation. It has many advantages over surface drip. To see the response of subsurface drip irrigation on okra yield, a study was conducted at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India during 2003 and 2004. Okra (...

A novel method is introduced for integrating satellite derived irrigation data and high-resolution crop type information into a land surface model (LSM). The objective is to improve the simulation of land surface states and fluxes through better representation of agricultural land use. Ultimately, this scheme could enable numerical weather prediction (NWP) models to capture land-atmosphere feed...