Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is associated with the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, which results from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This activates the abl oncogene by moving it from chromosome 9 and combining it with sequence located on chromosome 22. The new fusion gene, with chromosome 22 sequence at its 5' end and chromosome 9-abl sequence at its 3' end, gener...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy that arises due to reciprocal translocation of 3' sequences from c-Abelson (ABL) protooncogene of chromosome 9 with 5' sequence of truncated break point cluster region (BCR) on chromosome 22. BCR-ABL is a functional oncoprotein p210 that exhibits constitutively activated tyrosine kinase causing genomic alteration of hematopoietic stem...

Two hybridization assays have been developed to detect BCR-ABL mRNA transcripts arising from the Philadelphia translocation. Both assays use time-resolved immunofluorometric detection of polymerase chain reaction-amplified BCR-ABL mRNA sequences hybridized to specific probes. In configuration I, biotinylated amplified target is immobilized onto streptavidin-coated wells and hybridized to a prob...

PURPOSE Treatment options for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are limited. Treatment with lymphocytes from the original marrow donor and the influence on the malignant clone was studied in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven patients with CML that had relapsed after BMT with T-cell-depleted grafts were treated....

At diagnosis, about 5% of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients lacks Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), despite the presence of the BCR/ABL rearrangement. Two mechanisms have been proposed about the occurrence of this rearrangement: the first one is a cryptic insertion between chromosomes 9 and 22; the second one involves two sequential translocations: a classic t(9;22) followed by a reverse tran...

MicroRNA miR-125b has been implicated in several kinds of leukemia. The chromosomal translocation t(2;11)(p21;q23) found in patients with myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia leads to an overexpression of miR-125b of up to 90-fold normal. Moreover, miR-125b is also up-regulated in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia carrying the t(11;14)(q24;q32) translocation. To decipher th...

A 16-year-old female was diagnosed incedentally with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. She showed complete remission after 3 months of nilotinib treatment. CML is a rare malignant neoplasm in pediatric age. It is characterized by a Philadelphia chromosome, which comes from a genetic translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation results in an abnormal fusion c...

The Philadelphia (Ph) translocation is responsible for the generation of the chimeric BCR/ABL oncogene. The Ph chromosome constitutes the earliest detectable chromosome abnormality in chronic myelogenous leukemia and is also found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mice transgenic for a P190 BCR/ABL-producing DNA construct develop lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and provide an opportunity to stud...

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL fusion gene, usually in association with the t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation. We report here the identification and cloning of a rare variant translocation, t(4;22)(q12;q11), in two patients with a CML-like myeloproliferative disease (MPD). RT-PCR indicated that both patients were negative for BCR-ABL, but FISH analy...

The BCR-ABL translocation is found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Although imatinib and its analogues have been used as front-line therapy to target this mutation and control the disease for over a decade, resistance to the therapy is still observed and most patients are not cured but need to continue the therapy indefinitely. It is the...