From the treatment of 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (juglone) with acetic anhydride and H2SO4 followed subsequently by treatment with methanolic HCl, 5-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (3-methoxy juglone) and 8-hydroxy-4-methoxy-1,2-naphthoquinone were obtained as products rather than the anticipated product 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (2-hydroxy juglone). The reaction and the identific...

This research includes the synthesis of new bis-Schiff bases linked to different imide cycles. There were some steps involved in novel Schiff with succinimide, phthalimide, tetrachlorophthalimide, and tetrabromophthalimide The first step preparation 4,4`-bis[(4-aminophenyl) methyl benzylidene]tolidine (1) via condensation reaction 3,3'-dimethyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine 4-amino acetophenone....

The first reported hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) approach for the optimization of on-capillary dipeptide derivatization is presented. More specifically, genetic optimization proved valuable in the determination of effective network structure with three defined parameter inputs: (i) phthalic anhydride injection volume, (ii) time of injection, and (iii) voltage, for ...

Functional groups in samples obtained from the femur bone of Cow (Bos taurus) were determined using Shidmazu Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) – 8300 spectroscopy. The bones crushed, washed properly with warm water and immersed lime solution for three days. Samples then treated dilute 20% hydrochloric acid (to release collagen bone) dried crushed to a particle size 0.02 mm. Results FT-IR analy...

The degradation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) in an aqueous solution during ozonation was investigated by identifying the oxidation intermediates using GC-MS. The experiments were carried out in semi-batch mode with a 1.5 mg l(-1)-min ozone dose. The proposed degradation pathways were divided into hydrolysis of the aliphatic chain (pathway (A)) and hydroxylation resulting from OH attack in the aro...

Unlike their B-alkyl counterparts, brominated N-alkyl B-aryl 2,1-borazaronaphthalenes undergo a self-arylation reaction in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium and base, in which the azaborine serves as both the electrophile and the nucleophile. The products of the self-arylation are air- and moisture-stable 2,1-borazaronaphthols, previously only observed in basic alcoholic solvents....

In the title compound, C11H10INO3, an addition product of itaconic acid anhydride and 4-iodo-aniline, the least-squares planes defined by the atoms of the aromatic moiety and the non-H atoms of the carb-oxy-lic acid group enclose an angle of 74.82 (11)°. In the crystal, classical O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds formed by carb-oxy-lic groups, as well as N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds formed by amide groups, are pres...

The acid treatment of a ruthenabenzene yielded an unusual dialdehyde. Interestingly, this dialdehyde has notable anti-oxidative properties and resists even nitric acid. This stability is confirmed by chemical and electrochemical experiments. In addition, a stable cyclic anhydride is synthesized from the dialdehyde via an environmentally friendly electrochemical method.