The fungal pathogen Hirsutella thompsonii produces an insecticidal protein named hirsutellin A (HtA), which has been described to be toxic to several species of mites, insect larvae, and cells. On the other hand, on the basis of an extensive biochemical and structural characterization, HtA has been considered to be a member of the ribotoxins family. Ribotoxins are fungal extracellular ribonucle...

The paper compares the expressive power of monadic second order logic of order, a fundamental formalism in mathematical logic and theory of computation, with that of a fragment of Temporal Logic of Actions introduced by Lamport for specifying the behavior of concurrent systems.

1. Using the loss of turgidity of the cells as a criterion it is found that the toxicity curve of copper chloride with Nitella is sigmoid. An empirical equation can be constructed which will approximately fit the curve. 2. When the concentration of the copper chloride is varied the toxic effect varies as a constant, fractional, power of the concentration. This relation holds when the concentrat...

Two cell lines, one proficient (Mex+) and one deficient (Mex-) in the ability to remove O6-methylguanine, have been isolated by Epstein-Barr virus-mediated transformation of a single blood sample obtained from a normal human male. Extracts of untreated cells differ in their O6-methylguanine transferase (methyl acceptor protein) activity. Although both lines arise from the same individual, they ...

High admission blood glucose levels after acute myocardial infarction are common and are associated with an increased risk of death in subjects with and without diabetes. In this review, the possible toxic action of acute hyperglycaemia is discussed in order to explain the worse prognosis in subjects with myocardial infarction and concomitant hyperglycaemia. The possible usefulness of intensive...

1. The plasma of guinea pigs treated by injections of rat sarcoma exhibits a toxic action in tissue culture preparations on the cells of both rat sarcoma and rat embryo skin. Similarly, the plasma of guinea pigs immunized by injections of rat embryo skin is toxic for cells of both types. 2. Injection of rat blood immunizes against both sarcoma and embryo skin, although not so strongly as inject...

This chapter provides a review and evaluation of the literature pertinent to joint toxic action of the mixture and its components. The text is generally organized so that human data are presented first, and studies are grouped by route, and by endpoint where that is feasible. In Section 2.2, summary tables are provided at the end of each section on the binary mixtures. The tables are designed t...

TLA (the Temporal Logic of Actions) is a linear temporal logic for specifying and reasoning about reactive systems. The purpose of this paper is to develop an animator and a model checker, both based on a subset of TLA, and illustrates how we can combine these tools to validate TLA specifications.

In the field of environmental toxicology, and especially aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically-credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A basic and fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered crucial to the continued acceptance and app...