Copula constructions are problematic in the syntax of most languages. The paper describes three different dependency syntactic methods for handling copula constructions: function head, content head and complex label analysis. Furthermore, we also propose a POS-based approach to copula detection. We evaluate the impact of these approaches in computational parsing, in two parsing experiments for ...

abstract a title, in conveying the meaning of the entitled photo, can act from being a designator to an element which changes the meaning and its message is perceived in different levels of obtaining the photo’s final meaning. therefore, ignoring its role in interpreting the content of work is the same as eliminating a part of photo. various studies have been done centering titling issue, but t...

The article is devoted to the description of main types and stylistic potential allusive elements in novel “Chocolat” by contemporary British author Joanne Harris. Allusion as a device considered context theory intertextuality interpreted one leading methods reproducing "another voice" literary text. concludes that allusion distinguished conscious use requires unambiguous understanding interpre...

This article focuses on the role of implicit knowledge consumers have about particular brands, products or names. The major findings of several studies, conducted at the Mind of the Market Laboratory at Harvard Business School, are presented with specific emphasis on studies in which response time measurements were the core method. The results revealed that implicit measures provide a rich unde...