Characterized by low serum testosterone levels and diverse symptoms, male hypogonadism is a common condition. Current medical treatment focuses on testosterone supplementation using multiple modalities such as injections, gels and pellets. Interestingly, while testosterone is considered an anabolic androgenic steroid, it has not been saddled with the social stigma that other, similar medication...

BACKGROUND Anabolic steroids are known to improve body composition and muscle strength in healthy people. However, whether anabolic steroids improve the physical condition and function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains undetermined. A meta-analysis was conducted to review the current evidence regarding the effects of anabolic steroids on COPD patients. METH...

Ecdysteroids are steroid hormones involved in moulting and development of arthropods. Blood samples 32 individual bats eight insectivorous species were analysed for the presence ecdysteroids, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Nine ecdysteroids detected. The spectrum these was similar bat which take their preferred food items from same insect order. blood-borne broader autumn than s...

Recent decades have seen increased efforts internationally to prevent the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and other image performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) in gyms fitness environments. Yet, very little is known about effective prevention strategies. This study aimed identify key risk factors for AAS assess relevance these as targets intervention. Seventy four (n = 74) IPED experts ...