background and objectives: nowadays corn flakes are the most common form of breakfast cereals however, their vitamins are declined during the baking process. in this research, production of fortified corn flakes by lactobacillus plantarum and l. reuteri, as well as incorporation of oat and malt fiber as prebiotics have been studied. materials and methods: plackett-burman statistical design was ...

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a process by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic digestion can be used to treat various organic wastes and recover bio-energy in the form of biogas, which consists mainly of CH4 and CO2. A great option for improving yields of anaerobic digestion of solid wastes is the co-digestion of multiple substrates. Numerous...

Anaerobic digestion is an engineered methanogenic decomposition of organic matter under oxygen-free conditions and involves a mixed consortium of different species of anaerobic microoganisms that transform organic matter into biogas. The process is successfully used for the treatment of municipal sludge, animal manure, industrial sludge, and industrial and municipal wastewaters. Applications of...

Formate-grown cells of the obligately chemolithoautotrophic acidophile Thiobacillus ferrooxidans were capable of formate- and elemental sulfur-dependent reduction of ferric iron under anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, both oxygen and ferric iron could be simultaneously used as electron acceptors. To investigate whether anaerobic ferric iron respiration by T. ferrooxidans is an ene...

This study investigates the anaerobic treatability of Acid orange dye in an anaerobic/aerobic sequential process. Laboratory scale anaerobic baffled reactor and fixed activated sludge reactor were operated at different organic loadings and hydraulic retention times. The effects of shock dye concentration on the chemical oxygen demand and color removal efficiencies were investigated in the anaer...

Background: Various chemical, physical and biologic treatment methods are being used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is a modified activated sludge process that removes phosphorus and organic material from sanitary wastewater, biologically. Methods: This study was conducted in 2016.The performance of an aerobic-anaerobic SBR pilot device, locat...

the effect of organic loading rate (olr) provided by hydraulic retention time (hrt) and influent chemical oxygen demand (codin) on the performance of an up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed film (uasff) bioreactor treating palm oil mill effluent (pome) was studied. anaerobic digestion of pome was modeled and analyzed with two variables i.e. hrt and codin. experiments were conducted based on a general...