In the present study, the authors examine the extent to which effects of individual religious involvement on self-assessed health are influenced by the religious context (i.e., religious involvement at the country level). The authors test their expectations using individual level data (N = 127,257) on 28 countries from the European Social Surveys (2002-2008). Results of multilevel analyses show...

This paper investigates service provisions in community languages offered by Manchester City Council and agencies working alongside to find out whether there is an explicit language policy in Manchester, how such a policy is formulated, how it functions, and how it is reflected in education. Data was collected through interviews with different personnel in MCC, focus group discussions with comm...

along with the beginning of novel and short story writing in persian and urdu languages various literary movements like realism, social realism and surrealism overshadowed the contemporary literature of iran and pakistan. modern prose of persian and urdu consists of great assets from novels and short stories, and their considerable background . during various periods of the growth and prosperit...

Does religious pluralism decrease religious participation or increase it? Secularization theorists claim the former, while religious economies proponents claim the latter, and each side has used estimated pluralism-participation correlations to support its argument. Using a formal game theoretic model, this article shows how religious market forces and regulations generate plausible pluralism-p...

Researchers have found that religious affiliation, religious attendance, religious beliefs, and prayer are associated with teen sexual attitudes and behavior.(Wallace & Williams, 1997; Whitehead, Wilcox, & Rostosky, 2001) Holding strong religious beliefs and praying are linked to reduced sexual activity among adolescents (Meier, 2003; Resnick et al., 1997) and teens (girls in particular) from m...

This contribution investigates the concept “community” as a previously underexplored dimension of multiple religious belonging (MRB). A review MRB approach to multireligiosity reveals there has been paid relatively little attention community influence and fluid, non-dualistic styles belonging. We argue that these cannot be accounted for by conventional understandings assume “World Religions Par...

the present study is an attempt to find common structural characteristics ofhonorific expressions in japanese and persian. to achieve this purpose, first wewill focus on two parameters: “honorific as vocabulary” and “honorific assentence” in recent researches on honorific expressions in japanese. then, wewill compare the structure and characteristic of honorific expressions inexamples from both...

Past research argues that religious commitments shape individuals’ prosocial sentiments, including their generosity and solidarity. But what drives the prosociality of less religious people? Three studies tested the hypothesis that, with fewer religious expectations of prosociality, less religious individuals’ levels of compassion will play a larger role in their prosocial tendencies. In Study ...