and to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.: 70773119), the National Social Science Foundation of China (Project No.: 08AJL006), the Humanities and Social Science Foundation, Ministry of Education of China (Project No.: 08JC790032), and Project 985, Hunan University, for research support. We especially thank Peter Oliver, University of Nottingham, but remain responsible...

for helpful comments on an earlier draft, without implicating any of them in the views expressed here. I would also like to thank Mauro Roca for research assistance and the National Science Foundation for research support through a grant to the NBER.

Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Keera Allendorf for providing research support on this paper. We would also like to thank

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