A method for reading a four-state bar code, using raster-scanned images is described. Documents are prebar coded with one-dimensional four-state bar code that has the free location and no more than 5 degrees inclination. Using raster-scanned images captured by optical character recognition (OCR) equipment, the location and orientation of this bar code is detected and decoded to 20 data characte...

Dependency grammar is usually interpreted as equivalent to a strict form of X–bar theory that forbids the stacking of nodes of the same bar level (e.g., N immediately dominating N with the same head). But adequate accounts of one–anaphora and of the semantics of multiple modifiers require such stacking and accordingly argue against dependency grammar. Dependency grammar can be salvaged by reint...

We extend the notion of $P_4$-sparse graphs previously introduced by {\scshape Ho\`ang} by considering $\mathcal{F}$-sparse graphs were $\mathcal{F}$ denotes a finite set of graphs on $p$ vertices. Thus we obtain some results on $(P_5,\bar{P_5})$-sparse graphs already known on $(P_5,\bar{P_5})$-free graphs. Finally we completely describe the structure of $(P_5,\bar{P_5}, bull$)-sparse graphs, i...

The availability of new accurate radio flux densities of Jupiter in and around the λ1.3 cm ammonia absorption band, one from groundbased radio data and five from the WMAP satellite, permits reexamination of the structure of the Jovian upper troposphere. These flux densities, with accuracies of 1–3%, indicate that the Jovian atmospheric ammonia is globally subsaturated within and above the ammon...

X-bar theory, introduced in Chomsky 1970, constituted a major step toward explanatory adequacy, dramatically limiting the range of possible phrase structure rules. As with most explanatory advances, the resulting theory encounters serious descriptive problems. In the present instance, the major virtue of X-bar theory-the generalization of the phrase structure schema-immediately encountered empi...

Result obtained during ten years research work (1990-2000) on distribution of monogenean fauna Iranian fishes indicates that its composition of monogenean fauna of Iranian fishes depends on their habit and since Iran includes three different zoogeographical zones with highly endemic fish hosts, its monogenean parasites have specific composition. The Caspian fauna is characterized by relatively ...

The cleaved surfaces of untwinned, single-crystal YBa2Cu3O6.9 have been probed with synchrotron-radiation photoemission, utilizing both high energy and angular resolution. Acute spectral structure was observed, both at the Fermi energy and at higher binding energies, particularly near the high-symmetry points of the two-dimensional Brillouin zone, Γ-bar, X-bar, Y-bar, and S-bar. Many band cross...

Red clump giant stars can be used as distance indicators to trace the mass distribution of the Galactic bar. We use RCG stars from 44 bulge fields from the OGLE-II microlensing collaboration database to constrain analytic tri-axial models for the Galactic bar. We find the bar major axis is oriented at an angle of 24◦ – 27◦ to the Sun-Galactic centre line-of-sight. The ratio of semi-major and se...

Given a set S of n points on d, we show, for fixed d, how to construct in Ž . Ž . O n log n time a data structure we call the balanced aspect ratio BAR tree. A Ž . BAR tree is a binary space partition tree on S that has O log n depth in which Ž . every region is convex and ‘‘fat’’ that is, has a bounded aspect ratio . While previous hierarchical data structures such as k-d trees, quadtrees, oct...