stress is one of the effective factors in the development of depressive disorders that performs some parts of its effects by affecting hippocampus. since doxepin has been shown to have neuroprotective effects, in this study, we focused on the effects of doxepin on the expression of involved genes in neuronal survival and plasticity in the rat hippocampus following chronic stress. male wistar ra...

Bax, a death-promoting member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, triggered cell death when expressed in plants from a tobacco mosaic virus vector. Analysis of Bax deletion mutants demonstrated a requirement for the BH1 and BH3 domains in promoting rapid cell death, whereas deletion of the carboxyl-terminal transmembrane domain completely abolished the lethality of Bax in plants. The phenotype of ...

Dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I is associated with a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). In rodents, inhibition of complex I leads to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), as seen in PD, through activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic molecular pathways. In this scenario, complex I blockade ...

BACKGROUND Bax expression is a prerequisite for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis. Experimental studies have reported Bax protein upregulation following optic nerve transection. The stimuli that trigger apoptosis share a common executioner proteolysis cascade, including caspase-3 and poly-(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase cleavage. This study sought to elucidate the role of the mito...

It is proposed that both preand postnatal as well as genetically determined abnormalities of the apoptotic processes are among factors responsible for the development of schizophrenia. The ultimate vulnerability of cells to diverse apoptotic stimuli is determined by the relative ratio of various pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins among whic...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS One form of epithelial cell injury in inflamed colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis (UC) is reported to involve apoptosis of these cells. Bcl-2 family proteins Bax and Bcl-2 are the major regulators of apoptosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the involvement of the Bax/Bcl-2 system in induction of apoptosis of the inflamed colonic epithelium in UC. METHODS Colonic...

luteolin is a flavone in medicinal plants as well as some vegetables and spices. it is a natural anti-oxidant with less pro-oxidant potential but apparently with a better safety profile. the purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of luteolin-mediated apoptosis of mg-63 human osteosarcoma cells. mtt assay kit was employed to evaluate the effects of luteolin on mg-63 cel...

CONCLUSION Down-regulation of the ratio of Mcl-1/Bax expression may contribute to age-related sensory cell degeneration in the cochlea. OBJECTIVE To better understand the involvement of Bcl-2 family members in the regulation of age-related sensory cell death, we examined the expression patterns of Bcl-2-associated protein X (Bax) and its suppressor, myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) in young an...

BACKGROUND Heat shock protein (HSP)60 is an abundant protein found primarily in the mitochondria, though 15% to 20% is found in the cytosol. Previously we observed that HSP60 complexes with bax in the cytosol. Reduction in HSP60 precipitates translocation of bax to the mitochondria and apoptosis. We hypothesized that HSP60 would decrease with hypoxia/reoxygenation and that this would precipitat...