We consider the problem of identifying the maximal ideals of a Banach algebra S that is contained in a larger Banach algebra B. If S is dense in B in an appropriate sense and if the spectral radii in S and B are the same, then S and B have the same maximal ideals. The result is illustrated by two examples of Banach algebras S in which the density and spectral radius conditions are easily shown ...

A unified database framework that will enable better comprehension of ranked XML retrieval is still a challenge in the XML database field. We propose a logical algebra, named score region algebra, that enables transparent specification of information retrieval (IR) models for XML databases. The transparency is achieved by a possibility to instantiate various retrieval models, using abstract sco...

Let $A$ be a Banach algebra and $X$ be a Banach $A$-bimodule. Then ${mathcal{S}}=A oplus X$, the $l^1$-direct sum of $A$ and $X$ becomes a module extension Banach algebra when equipped with the algebra product $(a,x).(a',x')=(aa',ax'+xa').$ In this paper, we investigate biflatness and biprojectivity for these Banach algebras. We also discuss on automatic continuity of derivations on ${mathcal{S...

This paper attempts to generalize universal algebras on classical sets to $L$-sets when $L$ is a GL-quantale. Some basic notions of fuzzy universal algebra on an $L$-set are introduced, such as subalgebra, quotient algebra, homomorphism, congruence, and direct product etc. The properties of them are studied. $L$-valued power algebra is also introduced and it is shown there is an onto homomorphi...

we consider a 2-dimensional representation of the hecke algebra h(g7; u), whereg7 is the complex re ection group and u is the set of indeterminatesu = (x1; x2; y1; y2; y3; z1; z2; z3):after specializing the indetrminates to non zero complex numbers, we then determine a nec-essary and sucient condition that guarantees the irreducibility of the complex specializationof the representation of the ...

‎let $pa$ be a commutative banach algebra and $ex$ be a left banach $pa$-module‎. ‎we study the set‎ ‎$dec_{pa}(ex)$ of all elements in $pa$ which induce a decomposable multiplication operator on $ex$‎. ‎in the case $ex=pa$‎, ‎$dec_{pa}(pa)$ is the well-known apostol algebra of $pa$‎. ‎we show that $dec_{pa}(ex)$ is intimately related with the largest spectrally separable subalgebra of $pa$ and...

abstract. in this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy obstinate ideals in mv -algebras. some properties of fuzzy obstinate ideals are given. not only we give some characterizations of fuzzy obstinate ideals, but also bring the extension theorem of fuzzy obstinate ideal of an mv -algebra a. we investigate the relationships between fuzzy obstinate ideals and the other fuzzy ideals of an mv -a...

The current work considers the sprefield wave functions received as special g-qubit solutions of Maxwell equations in terms geometric algebra. I will call such g-qubits spreons or sprefields. purpose this article is to analyze behavior scattering and measurements. It shown that sprefields are defined through whole three-dimensional space at all values time parameter. They instantly change their...