background heat, chemical and organic pollution are three types of environmental pollution, caused by refinery and petrochemical industries. problems caused by hear and chemical pollutants are currently resolved to some extent but organic pollution such as poly aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are still considered as important problems of industry and environment. objectives a laboratory study was ...

Wheat straw is a highly promising raw material for bio-refinery strategies. Most of the literature related to lignocellulose fractionation focuses on cellulose purification and hemicellulose solubilization. Pre-treatments solubilization without formation undesired products usually reach low extraction yields, which leaves an important fraction unused. In this work, we propose mild process effic...

This paper discusses different aspects of the optimization of the distribution of hydrogen in a petrol refinery through a network that connects production and consumption plants. Due to the lack of reliable information from the field measurements, a previous stage of data reconciliation is required. The hydrogen distribution problem can be formulated as a non-convex NLP one, which implies the p...

In the paper the problem of estimating the octane number of powerformed gasoline produced in a refinery is addressed. The model is designed in order to replace the existing measurement device during maintenance operation guaranteeing the continuity of product quality monitoring and control. Linear and nonlinear Moving Average models based on MLP neural networks have been designed to take into a...

Existing refinery distillation systems are highly energy-intensive, and have complex column configurations that interact strongly with the associated heat exchanger network. An optimisation approach is developed for existing refinery distillation processes. The optimisation framework includes shortcut models developed for the simulation of the existing distillation column, and a retrofit shortc...

Colour and turbidity measurement. An instrument has been designed to measure colour and turbidity using solid state light sources and sensors operating at 470 nni (blue) and 880 nni (infrared) respectively. It is intended to be a factory instrument suitable for detecting break through from filters and colour gain or loss over scctions of plant in a refinery. The measurements are exprcssed in ab...

Due to the successful use of the Saccharoflex 2000 reflectance measurement instrument on the estimation of refined sugar colour elsewhere in the world, it was decided by Tongaat-Hulett Sugar to evaluate the instrument at the refinery in Durban. Tests were carried out on first, second, third and fourth refined sugars, the results of which showed a good correlation between the ICUMSA colour measu...