BackgroundCongenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare disease. It is associated with near total fat loss, severe insulin resistance and hypoleptinemia leading to metabolic derangements.Case PresentationWe report a 25- year- old female with 1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase 2 (APGAT2) mutation, and both sclerotic and lytic bone lesions together for the first time. Bone cyst i...

Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC/MPC) are found in many tissues and fluids including bone marrow, adipose tissues, muscle, synovial membranes, synovial fluid, and blood. Such cells from different sources can proliferate and differentiate into different lineages (e.g. osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) after suitable stimulation. However, details regarding the regulation of MSC/MPC p...

Low bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with a low bone turnover state. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a cytokine that acts as a decoy receptor for receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand, decreases bone resorption by inhibiting differentiation of osteoclast precursors and activation of mature osteoclasts, and by stimulating osteoclast apoptosis...

Purpose: Prostate tumor cells frequently show the features of osteoblasts, which are differentiated from bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells. We examined human prostate cancer cell lines and clinical prostate cancer specimens for additional bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell properties. Experimental Design: Prostate cancer cell lines were induced for osteoblastogenic and adipogenic differentiation...

Lead exposure and obesity each adversely affect bone formation and maintenance, which can potentially lead to low bone mass and an increased risk of fracture.1,2 A new study in mice, reported in this issue of EHP, found that lead exposure combined with a high-fat diet altered metabolic variables as well as bone quality more than either factor alone. The study also identified clues to molecular ...

Skeletal tissue involves systemic adipose metabolism and energy expenditure. MicroRNA signaling controls high-fat diet (HFD)-induced bone fat homeostasis dysregulation remains uncertain. This study revealed that transgenic overexpression of miR-29a under control osteocalcin promoter in osteoblasts (miR-29aTg) attenuated HFD-mediated body overweight, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia. HFD-fed ...

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a pivotal role in promoting energy expenditure by the virtue of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) that differentiates BAT from its energy storing white adipose tissue (WAT) counterpart. The clinical implication of "classical" BAT (originates from Myf5 positive myoblastic lineage) or the "beige" fat (originates through trans-differentiation of WAT) activation in impro...

background: osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (bmd) that leads to an increase in bone fragility, causing an individual to be at an increased risk for fractures. asian-indians are at an increased risk for developing osteoporosis. considering the number of asian-indians in the us is rapidly growing, they likely could be an underappreciated popu...