OBJECTIVE  To examine the effect of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) versus surgical replacement of an aortic valve (SAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis at low and intermediate risk of perioperative death. DESIGN  Systematic review and meta-analysis DATA SOURCES:  Medline, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL. STUDY SELECTION  Randomized trials of TAVI compared with SAVR in ...

The main objective of this study is to examine how repeated choice affects preference learning in stated preference experiments. We test different hypotheses related to preference learning by analyzing response patterns and asking respondents in a choice experiment to report their experienced certainty when going through the choice tasks. In a split-sample test, we show that follow-up choice ce...

The degree of confidence in a decision provides a graded and probabilistic assessment of expected outcome. Although neural mechanisms of perceptual decisions have been studied extensively in primates, little is known about the mechanisms underlying choice certainty. We have shown that the same neurons that represent formation of a decision encode certainty about the decision. Rhesus monkeys mad...

We feared the coming summer. Nations bordering on the already infected countries began to enter upon serious plans for the better keeping out of the enemy. We, a commercial people, were obliged to bring such schemes under consideration; and the question of contagion became matter of earnest disquisition. But the grand question was still unsettled of how this epidemic was generated and increased...

fuzzy water quality index (fwqi) was applied in order to assess the degree of drinking water resources in yazd province, iran. thisstudy has also offered the creation of a new fuzzy water quality index (fwqi) to evaluate this tool’s applicability. 12 chemicalparameters including toxic and non-toxic heavy metals measured in 71 groundwater samples collected from drinking water resourcesin rural a...