the fatimid era(358-567 ah /968-1171ad) was one of the most brilliant historical periods due to its intellectual and cultural achievements and successes. influencing an area beyond its boundaries. due to their attempts, cairo turned into one of the artistic, cultural, and scientific islamic centers and it became the focus of research and science. during this period, there were numerous debates ...

This study reveals the prevalence of Kurdish tribal states, political entities, in vicinity Abbasid city Baghdad. Through a presentation lives and contributions leading Jawani personalities, it is shown that states contributed to development early Islam from both religious aspects. The emirs were involved most Baghdadi region’s dealings with caliphate. They also had Buwayhids, Ukaylids, Mazyadi...

There has been much speculation as to the type of calendar that was used by pre-Islamic Arabs and early Muslim community. The Hijr? is said have adopted ‘Umar b. al-Kha???b during his Caliphate despite evidence suggesting it instituted soon Prophet emigrated Mad?nah. In this paper, we argue a number competing Arabian calendars existed up until 17 AH/AD 638, after which definitive Muslims. We pr...

This paper deals with the study of impact Shiism on Arabic literature in general, and Fatimid particular. It treats issue of)al-Zahir al-Batin(in Holy Qur’an or what is called esoteric interpretation. The writers exerted more attention paid their effort employing Qur’anic verses through interpretation, goal that was to get Imamate Caliphate, it utmost motivation for right Ali bin Abi Talib his ...

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p align="left"><strong>Abstract <em></em></strong></p><p>This paper examines HTI’s efforts to spread the idea of Caliphate (Khilafah) and recruit new members after government dissolved them through Perppu Ormas No. 2 2017. Thi...

In attempting to attain some perspective on Iran in history, I begin, as I think one must, with the Arab-Islamic conquests in the seventh century—that series of epoch-making events following the advent of Islam, the mission of the Prophet Muhammad and the carrying of his message to vast areas east and west from Arabia, and the incorporation of many lands, from the Atlantic and the Pyrenees to t...