today, congenital heart diseases may be treated without surgery through advances in interventional cardiology. however, complications such as infection and thrombus formation may develop due to foreign materials used during these procedures. surgical intervention may be required for the removal of the device utilized for the procedure. in this case report, we present the surgical treatment of a...

New procedures have been developed for the continuous measurement of energy expenditure in finisher pigs. Energy expenditure is measured from oxygen consumption calculated as the product of cardiac output and the difference in blood oxygen content between arterial and mixed venous blood (Fick principle). Key features of this approach have been the use of new technology to measure cardiac output...

As in many other medical specialties, cardiac surgery is exploring its boundaries. The patient population scheduled for cardiac surgery is aging, and the surgical procedures are becoming more complex, leading to significant comorbidity. In addition, the myocardium is often poorly functioning; cardiac remodeling resulting from myocardial ischemic events or longstanding volume and/or pressure ove...

Intraoperative redosing of prophylactic antibiotics is recommended for prolonged surgical procedures, although its efficacy has not been assessed. We retrospectively compared the risk of surgical site infections in 1,548 patients who underwent cardiac surgery lasting >240 min after preoperative administration of cefazolin prophylaxis. The overall risk of surgical site infection was similar amon...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can lead to significant cardiac dysfunction and is considered to be associated with an increased risk of perioperative cardiovascular complications. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of children with PAH who underwent anesthesia or sedation for noncardiac surgical procedures or cardiac catheterizations from 1999 to 2004. The incidence, ty...

After the introduction of endocardial radiofrequency catheter, only two arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation and ischemic ventricular tachycardia require surgical procedures. In this review, we describe recent advancements and problems of surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation. On the basis of multiple-circuit re-entry theory, Cox developed the maze operation with the aim of interrupting the re...