An unsteady two-dimensional numerical investigation was performed on the viscous flow passing through a multi-blade cascade. A Cartesian finite-volume approach was employed and it was linked to Van-Leer's and Roe's flux splitting schemes to evaluate inviscid flux terms. To prevent the oscillatory behavior of numerical results and to increase the accuracy, Monotonic Upstream Scheme for Conservat...

In Drosophila, a phospholipase C-mediated signaling cascade links photoexcitation of rhodopsin to the opening of the TRP/TRPL channels. A lipid product of the cascade, diacylglycerol (DAG) and its metabolite(s), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), have both been proposed as potential excitatory messengers. A crucial enzyme in the understanding of this process is likely to be DAG lipase (DAGL)....

As the complexity of embedded systems grows rapidly, it is common to accelerate critical tasks with hardware. Designers usually use off-the-shelf components or licensed IP cores to shorten the time to market, but the hardware/software interfacing is tedious, error-prone and usually not portable. Besides, the existing hardware seldom matches the requirements perfectly. CASCADE, the proposed desi...

Dictyostelium uses a wide array of chemical signals to coordinate differentiation as it switches from a unicellular to a multicellular organism. MPBD, the product of the polyketide synthase encoded by stlA, regulates stalk and spore differentiation by rapidly stimulating the release of the phosphopeptide SDF-1. By analyzing specific mutants affected in MPBD or SDF-1 production, we delineated a ...

A novel type of transformation was discovered serendipitously during the Barbier-type allenylation reaction of aromatic ketones promoted by the metal, tin, in aqueous media. Additionally, a series of new, highly functionalized 2-bromo-4-aryl-1,3-pentadienes could be obtained with good yields in this reaction. This cascade reaction shows the unique properties of the metal, tin. Furthermore, it i...

Fibrin plays an essential role in hemostasis as both the primary product of the coagulation cascade and the ultimate substrate for fibrinolysis. Fibrinolysis efficiency is greatly influenced by clot structure, fibrinogen isoforms and polymorphisms, the rate of thrombin generation, the reactivity of thrombus-associated cells such as platelets, and the overall biochemical environment. Regulation ...

In this paper, we address nonlinear control and reduction of high-order underactuated mechanical systems with kinetic symmetry and input coupling. In some aerospace vehicles, the effects of the control of the attitude dynamics appears in the translational dynamics. We present a general framework for decoupling of these effects. The decoupling is done by applying a change of coordinates in expli...

Design and implementation of robust tracking controllers for linear feed drive high speed machine tools are the primary objectives of this work. Cutting forces and friction forces limit tracking accuracy and their influences are minimised through robust controller design. This paper discusses the design and tracking performances of a traditional cascade and a sliding mode controller for a X-Y m...

This communication describes an unprecedented substitution cascade, in which 4-methylpyridine, following deprotonation with LDA, twice acts as a carbon nucleophile unusual SNAr process, to form novel triarylmethane structure. A proposed mechanism for this sequence is presented that supported by single crystal X-ray analysis of the resulting product. We believe unique transformation note it high...