Novices struggle to interpret maps that show information about continuous dimensions (typically latitude and longitude) layered with information that is inherently continuous but segmented categorically. An example is a topographic map, used in earth science disciplines as well as by hikers, emergency rescue operations, and other endeavors requiring knowledge of terrain. Successful comprehensio...

Does our perception of others' emotional signals depend on the language we speak or is our perception the same regardless of language and culture? It is well established that human emotional facial expressions are perceived categorically by viewers, but whether this is driven by perceptual or linguistic mechanisms is debated. We report an investigation into the perception of emotional facial ex...

Categorical perception is common in humans, but it is not known whether animals perceive continuous variation in their own multidimensional social signals categorically. There are two components to categorical perception: labeling and discrimination. In the first, continuously variable stimuli on each side of a category boundary are labeled. In the second, there is strong discrimination between...

Phenomenal consciousness is often thought to involve a first-person perspective or point of view which makes available to the subject categorically private, first-person facts about experience, facts that are irreducible to third-person physical, functional, or representational facts. This paper seeks to show that on a representational account of consciousness, we don’t have an observational pe...

Subclinical variants of the social-communicative challenges and rigidity that define autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are known as the broader autism phenotype (BAP). The BAP has been conceptualized categorically (as specific to a subset of relatives of individuals with ASD) and dimensionally (as continuously distributed within the general population). The current study examined the compatibility...

Face gender, like many other things, is perceived categorically: Subjective perceptions are distorted toward the categories, male or female, and the objective gradiency inherent across faces is partially lost. The neural basis of such categorical face perception remains virtually unknown. Participants passively viewed faces whose sexually dimorphic content was morphed monotonically from male to...

The paper sets forth in detail categorically-algebraic or catalg foundations for the operations of taking the image and preimage of (fuzzy) sets called forward and backward powerset operators. Motivated by an open question of S. E. Rodabaugh, we construct a monad on the category of sets, the algebras of which generate the fixed-basis forward powerset operator of L. A. Zadeh. On the next step, w...

As topology-like mathematical structures, convex structures can be characterized by betweenness relations via (restricted) hull operators in spaces. In a topological approach, the aim of this paper is to present fuzzy counterpart based on points Concretely, notion L-betweenness restricted L-hull introduced. Firstly, it proved that are categorically isomorphic and L-remotehood systems, respectiv...

There is a remarkable absence of statement as to the dimensions of the cornea in the ordinary ophthalmic text-books. Fuchs contents himself with stating categorically that the vertical diameter is 11 mm. and the horizontal 12 mm. Swanzy is silent on the subject; as are Herbert and Smith in their books on Cataract, and Maynardj Grimsdale and Brewerton, Meller, and Mayou in their writings 011 Oph...

My thesis assumes that computer games are, first and foremost, pictorial objects, viz. images. As the initial debate on principles within the young branch of computer game studies has shown, there is a contradictory and even aporetical opposition between ludological and narratological approaches to games (Frasca 2003). To both positions – the narratological as well as the ludological – a comput...