The use of extracoporeal (ex vivo) shunts for studying thrombus formation was given impetus by a number of studies from J. F. Mustard’s 1aboratory.lS In these studies the essential problems of this method were recognized and the requirements for a reproducible system were delineated. The basic features are: 1) uniform blood flow, 2 ) a chamber that represents preferential region for thrombus fo...

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN In a randomized controlled study, we investigated whether pain anticipation and fear-avoidance beliefs will lead to behavioral avoidance. PATIENTS Fifty patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) performed a simple leg-flexion task. Before the test, members of a control group were informed that the movement would not result in any increase of pain, whereas experimental gr...

PURPOSE To draw attention to the importance of methodological standards when carrying out evaluations of ophthalmic diagnostic tests by reviewing the extent of compliance with these standards in reports of evaluations published within the ophthalmic literature. METHODS Twenty published evaluations of ophthalmic screening/diagnostic tests or technologies were independently assessed by two revi...

The associative processes that support free-operant instrumental avoidance behavior are still unknown. We used a revaluation procedure to determine whether the performance of an avoidance response is sensitive to the current value of the aversive, negative reinforcer. Rats were trained on an unsignaled, free-operant lever press avoidance paradigm in which each response avoided or escaped shock ...

BACKGROUND Low back pain is a commonest musculoskeletal disorder affecting majority of people. Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities resulting from person's functioning and disability. According to the fear-avoidance model of low back pain, individuals who perceive pain as a sign of potential damage are more likely to avoid behaviors that increase ...

The first comparative study on predicting post-test distress (conceptualised by intrusion and avoidance, measured with the Impact of Event Scale) after presymptomatic genetic testing for Huntington's disease (HD, n=25), cancer syndromes (familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP, n=23)), and hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC, n=10) is reported. The variables with the highest predictive poten...

Background Contemporary care of repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) patients is directed toward detection and avoidance of long-term morbidity and mortality, of which arrhythmias play an important role. Increased arrhythmia risk in the rTOF population has been associated with ventricular dysfunction and chamber dilation. In adults without congenital heart disease, obesity has been related to le...