Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a widely used technique for large-scale transcriptome analysis in mammalian systems. Recently, a modified version called LongSAGE (S. Saha, A.B. Sparks, C. Rago, V. Akmaev, C.J. Wang, B. Vogelstein, K.W. Kinzler [2002] Nat Biotechnol 20: 508–512) was reported by increasing tag length up to 21 bp. Although the procedures for these two methods are simi...

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in mammalian cloning currently remains inefficient. Incomplete or erroneous epigenetic reprogramming of specialized donor somatic nuclear and resulting aberrant gene expression during development of cloned embryos is commonly believed as the main reason that causes the low efficiency of SCNT. Use of small molecular reprogramming modifiers to assist the somat...

Abstract No-cloning theorem forbids perfect cloning of an unknown quantum state. A universal machine (UQCM), capable producing two copies any input qubit with the optimal fidelity, is fundamental interest and has applications in information processing. This enabled by delicately tailored nonclassical correlations between copying qubits, which distinguish UQCM from a classical counterpart, but w...

Quantum transducers that can convert quantum signals from the microwave to optical domain are a crucial interface for information technology. Coherent microwave-to-optics conversions have been realized with various physical platforms, but all of them limited low efficiencies less than 50%—the threshold no-cloning regime. Here we report coherent transduction using Rydberg atoms and off-resonant ...

We have recently developed an in vitro assay for human tumor stem cells that permits cloning of human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells in soft agar. Tumor colonies grew from both effusions and biopsies from 85% of 31 ovarian cancer patients. The cloning efficiency did not vary with the histology of the tumor. Growth was induced with medium conditioned by the adherent spleen cells of mineral oil-pri...