Recently several developing and transitional countries changed their personal income tax from fairly progressive to ‡at in an e¤ort to improve e¢ ciency. But how do taxes a¤ect incentives when people can sometimes tax evade and pay bribes? In this paper, I address this question by focusing on the e¤ects of personal income tax progressivity on the decision to become self-employed. I develop a th...

Prediction of the extent and time course of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between the mechanism-based inhibitor diltiazem (DTZ) and the CYP3A4 substrate midazolam (MDZ) is confounded by time- and concentration-dependent clearance of the inhibitor. Semiphysiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were developed for DTZ and MDZ with the major metabolite of DTZ, N-desmethyldiltiazem (nd-DTZ...

The lattice dynamics of oxygen-doped ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{2}\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{O}}_{4+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ is explored by a combination single-crystal neutron spectroscopy, ab initio molecular (AIMD), and harmonic phonon calculations using density functional theory. inelastic response computed from AIMD finds better correspondence with the experimental spectra than calculations. comparison simulat...

Background & Aims: children and adolescents can use their maximum of mental capacity and potential capabilities, if they benefit from a positive attitude towards their surrounding environment and a strong incentive for being active in the community. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of social anxiety including social phobia, social interaction and maladaptive behavior with s...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess both personal and occupational risk factors for non-specific neck disorder (ND) in a representative working population characterized by various levels of exposure to work-related constraints. ND during the preceding 7 days was assessed in 3,710 workers surveyed by 83 occupational physicians between 2002 and 2005. Personal risk factors and work expos...

Abstract In this study, neodymium and arsenic were sealed into industrial pure iron cylinders at a temperature of 1223 K for 50 h. The interaction mechanism the Nd–Fe–As system various atomic ratios was investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy. Binary compounds Fe 12 As 5 , NdAs, 2 As, 17 Nd main products formed, with traces NdFeAs compounds. additi...

introduction: recent use of lasers for porcelain surface treatment for adhesion of brackets to restorations has not only showed some promising results, but is also accompanied with less undesirable effects among other advantages. the purpose of this study is the comparative electron microscope evaluation of feldspathic porcelain surfaces under irradiation by neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium ga...