High-order finite difference methods are efficient, easy to program, scale well in multiple dimensions and can be modified locally for various reasons (such as shock treatment for example). The main drawback has been the complicated and sometimes even mysterious stability treatment at boundaries and interfaces required for a stable scheme. The research on summation-byparts operators and weak bo...

and Applied Analysis 3 The grid function y(x, t) is a function defined at the grid points of g. we denote the nodal values of a grid function y(x, t) between time levels t 0 and t 0 as y (x, t) = y (x 1 , x 2 , t l,j i ) = y l,j n1 ,n2 , (11) for x ∈ ω i , i > 0, j = 0, . . . , m i . For x ∈ ω 0 we define y (x, t) = y (x 1 , x 2 , t l+1 0 ) = y l+1 n1 ,n2 . (12) δ x1 , δ x1 and δ x2 , δ x2 are ...

This paper deals with the numerical solution of a class of reaction diffusion equations arises from ecological phenomena. When two species are introduced into unoccupied habitat, they can spread across the environment as two travelling waves with the wave of the faster reproducer moving ahead of the slower.The mathematical modelling of invasions of species in more complex settings that include ...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we give some necessary conditions for a complex‎ ‎difference equation of malmquist type‎ $$‎sum^n_{j=1}f(z+c_j)=frac{p(f(z))}{q(f(z))}‎,$$ ‎where $n(in{mathbb{n}})geq{2}$‎, ‎and $p(f(z))$ and $q(f(z))$ are‎ ‎relatively prime polynomials in $f(z)$ with small functions as‎ ‎coefficients‎, ‎admitting a meromorphic function of finite order‎. ‎moreover‎, ‎the properties of finite o...

In this study, we consider two different inequivalent formulations of the logistic difference equation $x_{n+1}= beta x_n(1- x_n), n=0,1,..., $ where $x_n$ is a sequence of fuzzy numbers and $beta$ is a positive fuzzy number. The major contribution of this paper is to study the existence, uniqueness and global behavior of the solutions for two corresponding equations, using the concept of Huku...