abstract this study was conducted to determine the best drip irrigation method for pepper cultivation with the objective of water saving and obtaining maximum yield. the study was done during two years. experimental design was randomized complete blocks design (rcbd) in split plot with four replications. three different drip irrigation methods; drip irrigation with in-line emitter tubes, drip i...

The objectives of this study were to investigate migration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes used for drinking water produced by different production methods, and to evaluate their potential risk for human health and/or influence on aesthetic drinking water quality. The migration tests were carried out in accordance with EN-1420-1, and VOCs were ana...

A combined process was developed to inhibit the corrosion both in the pipeline of reclaimed water supplies (PRWS) and in downstream recirculating cooling water systems (RCWS) using the reclaimed water as makeup. Hydroxyl carboxylate-based corrosion inhibitors (e.g., gluconate, citrate, tartrate) and zinc sulfate heptahydrate, which provided Zn(2+) as a synergistic corrosion inhibition additive,...

Corrosion monitoring and early detection of pits and wall thinning for casing pipes are considerably important to gas and petroleum industries since the frequently occurring corrosion at the internal or external parts of those steel casing pipes used in underground gas storage or oil fields causes production and environmental protection problems. In this paper, a new version of the direct curre...

545 able organic carbon level, degree of pipe corrosion, and treatment/distribution system characteristics. Chloramine is considerably more effective than chlorine for controlling Legionella in biofilms, presumably because chloramine is more stable and thus less reactive than chlorine, allowing it to penetrate the biofilm more deeply. An important factor in distribution system contamination and...